Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, 09060-870, SP, Brazil.
Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, 09210-580, SP, Brazil.
BMC Cancer. 2024 Aug 22;24(1):1037. doi: 10.1186/s12885-024-12651-6.
CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) T cells are one of the most remarkable cellular therapies for managing B cell malignancies. However, long-term disease-free survival is still a challenge to overcome. Here, we evaluated the influence of different hinge, transmembrane (TM), and costimulatory CAR domains, as well as manufacturing conditions, cellular product type, doses, patient's age, and tumor types on the clinical outcomes of patients with B cell cancers treated with CD19 CAR T cells. The primary outcome was defined as the best complete response (BCR), and the secondary outcomes were the best objective response (BOR) and 12-month overall survival (OS). The covariates considered were the type of hinge, TM, and costimulatory domains in the CAR, CAR T cell manufacturing conditions, cell population transduced with the CAR, the number of CAR T cell infusions, amount of CAR T cells injected/Kg, CD19 CAR type (name), tumor type, and age. Fifty-six studies (3493 patients) were included in the systematic review and 46 (3421 patients) in the meta-analysis. The overall BCR rate was 56%, with 60% OS and 75% BOR. Younger patients displayed remarkably higher BCR prevalence without differences in OS. The presence of CD28 in the CAR's hinge, TM, and costimulatory domains improved all outcomes evaluated. Doses from one to 4.9 million cells/kg resulted in better clinical outcomes. Our data also suggest that regardless of whether patients have had high objective responses, they might have survival benefits from CD19 CAR T therapy. This meta-analysis is a critical hypothesis-generating instrument, capturing effects in the CD19 CAR T cells literature lacking randomized clinical trials and large observational studies.
CD19 靶向嵌合抗原受体 (CAR) T 细胞是治疗 B 细胞恶性肿瘤最显著的细胞疗法之一。然而,长期无病生存仍然是一个需要克服的挑战。在这里,我们评估了不同铰链、跨膜 (TM) 和共刺激 CAR 结构域以及制造条件、细胞产品类型、剂量、患者年龄和肿瘤类型对接受 CD19 CAR T 细胞治疗的 B 细胞癌症患者的临床结果的影响。主要结局定义为最佳完全缓解 (BCR),次要结局为最佳客观缓解 (BOR) 和 12 个月总生存率 (OS)。考虑的协变量包括 CAR 中的铰链、TM 和共刺激结构域的类型、CAR T 细胞的制造条件、转导 CAR 的细胞群体、CAR T 细胞输注次数、注射的 CAR T 细胞数量/Kg、CD19 CAR 类型 (名称)、肿瘤类型和年龄。系统评价纳入了 56 项研究 (3493 例患者),荟萃分析纳入了 46 项研究 (3421 例患者)。总体 BCR 率为 56%,OS 为 60%,BOR 为 75%。年轻患者的 BCR 发生率明显更高,OS 无差异。CAR 的铰链、TM 和共刺激结构域中存在 CD28 可改善所有评估的结果。剂量从 1 到 490 万细胞/kg 可获得更好的临床结果。我们的数据还表明,无论患者是否有高客观反应,他们都可能从 CD19 CAR T 治疗中获益。这项荟萃分析是一个关键的产生假设的工具,它捕捉到了缺乏随机临床试验和大型观察性研究的 CD19 CAR T 细胞文献中的效应。
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