Laboratory of Applied Zoology and Parasitology (Entomology), Faculty of Agriculture Forestry and Natural Environment, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Laboratory of Applied Zoology and Parasitology (Entomology), Faculty of Agriculture Forestry and Natural Environment, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
J Invertebr Pathol. 2024 Sep;206:108181. doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2024.108181. Epub 2024 Aug 22.
The use of biocontrol agents, such as predators and entomopathogenic nematodes, is a promising approach for the effective control of the tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidaean), an oligophagous insect feeding mainly on Solanaceae species and a major pest of field- and greenhouse-grown tomatoes globally. In this context, the effects of two entomopathogenic nematode species Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae), as well as their respective bacterial symbionts, Xenorhabdus nematophila and Photorhabdus luminescens (Enterobacterales: Morganelaceae), which were applied as bacterial cell suspensions and as crude cell-free liquid filtrates on T. absoluta larvae, were investigated. The results showed that of all treatments, the nematodes S. carpocapsae and H. bacteriophora were the most effective, causing up to 98 % mortality of T. absoluta larvae. Regarding bacteria and their filtrates, the bacterium X. nematophila was the most effective (69 % mortality in young larvae), while P. luminescens and both bacterial filtrates showed similar potency (ca. 48-55 % mortality in young larvae). To achieve a holistic approach of controlling this important pest, the impact of these factors on the beneficial predator Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae) was also studied. The results demonstrated that although nematodes and especially S. carpocapsae, caused significant mortality on N. tenuis (87 %), the bacterial cell suspensions of X. nematophila and P. luminescens and crude cell-free liquid filtrates had minimum impact on this beneficial predator (∼11-30 % mortality).
利用生物防治剂，如捕食性线虫和昆虫病原线虫，是有效防治番茄斑潜蝇 Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)（鳞翅目：潜蝇科）的一种有前途的方法。这种寡食性昆虫主要以茄科物种为食，是全球田间和温室种植的番茄的主要害虫。在这种情况下，研究了两种昆虫病原线虫 Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser)（Rhabditida： Steinernematidae）和 Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar)（Rhabditida： Heterorhabditidae），以及它们各自的细菌共生体 Xenorhabdus nematophila 和 Photorhabdus luminescens（肠杆菌目：Morganellaceae），这些线虫和共生体分别以细菌细胞悬浮液和粗细胞滤液的形式应用于番茄斑潜蝇幼虫上。结果表明，在所处理的所有因素中，线虫 S. carpocapsae 和 H. bacteriophora 最有效，导致番茄斑潜蝇幼虫的死亡率高达 98%。关于细菌及其滤液，细菌 X. nematophila 是最有效的（幼龄幼虫死亡率为 69%），而 P. luminescens 和两种细菌滤液的效果相似（幼龄幼虫死亡率约为 48-55%）。为了实现综合控制这种重要害虫的方法，还研究了这些因素对有益捕食者 Nesioticoris tenuis（Reuter）（半翅目：盲蝽科）的影响。结果表明，尽管线虫，特别是 S. carpocapsae，对 N. tenuis 造成了显著的死亡率（87%），但 X. nematophila 和 P. luminescens 的细菌细胞悬浮液和粗细胞滤液对这种有益捕食者的影响最小（死亡率约为 11-30%）。
