McQuade Julia D, Taubin Daria, Mordy Arianna E
Department of Psychology, Amherst College, Amherst, MA, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol. 2024 Dec;52(12):1803-1815. doi: 10.1007/s10802-024-01237-2. Epub 2024 Aug 24.
Although research suggests that emotion dysregulation may underlie adolescents' social impairments, studies have focused almost exclusively on the dysregulation of negative emotions. The present study addressed this gap in the literature by examining whether behavioral manifestations of positive emotion dysregulation are also implicated. A sample of 13-18-year-old adolescents (56.8% female) with and without a childhood diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was used, increasing variability in impairment profiles. Adolescents self-reported behavioral difficulties related to positive emotion dysregulation (i.e., impulse control difficulties, difficulties engaging in goal-directed behavior, and non-acceptance of positive emotions), negative emotion dysregulation, and social impairments (i.e., peer rejection, friendship quality, deviant peer affiliation, aggression, and victimization); parents rated adolescent's ADHD symptoms. Regression analyses indicated that impulse control difficulties when experiencing positive emotions uniquely predicted greater conflict in the best friend relationship, deviant peer affiliation, aggression, and victimization, even when accounting for negative emotion dysregulation and current ADHD symptoms. The significant effect of impulse control difficulties on these social impairments was consistent when accounting for oppositional defiant disorder and depression symptoms and when examining the main predictors only in adolescents with childhood or adolescent clinical elevations in ADHD symptoms. These results are the first to indicate that even for adolescents with ADHD, positive emotion dysregulation, and specifically impulse control difficulties, may significantly predict social challenges.
尽管研究表明情绪失调可能是青少年社交障碍的潜在原因，但此前的研究几乎完全集中在负面情绪的失调上。本研究通过考察积极情绪失调的行为表现是否也与之相关，填补了这一文献空白。研究样本为13至18岁的青少年（56.8%为女性），其中部分有童年注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）诊断，部分没有，以此增加损伤特征的变异性。青少年自我报告了与积极情绪失调相关的行为困难（即冲动控制困难、难以参与目标导向行为以及无法接受积极情绪）、负面情绪失调和社交障碍（即同伴排斥、友谊质量、偏差同伴关系、攻击行为和受欺负情况）；父母对青少年的ADHD症状进行了评分。回归分析表明，即使在考虑了负面情绪失调和当前的ADHD症状后，体验积极情绪时的冲动控制困难仍能独特地预测在最好的朋友关系中更大的冲突、偏差同伴关系、攻击行为和受欺负情况。当考虑对立违抗障碍和抑郁症状，以及仅在童年或青少年期ADHD症状临床升高的青少年中检查主要预测因素时，冲动控制困难对这些社交障碍的显著影响依然存在。这些结果首次表明，即使对于患有ADHD的青少年，积极情绪失调，特别是冲动控制困难，也可能显著预测社交挑战。
