Jiang Xinchen, Cui Li, Zhang Qiuqin, Zhang Tao, Qian Yaming, Xiao Hongmei, Zhu Haijun
Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, China.
Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
Foods. 2024 Aug 16;13(16):2553. doi: 10.3390/foods13162553.
In order to determine the appropriate harvesting period of planted in Nanjing city of China, this study analyzed the phenotypic characteristics and inclusions, including single fruit quality, fruit transverse and vertical diameter, kernel rate, water content, color, respiratory strength, crude fat, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and total phenols, of two cultivars 'Pawnee' and 'Wichita' during September and October, respectively. Results showed that the respiration intensity and values of pecan fruits decreased as the harvest date was delayed. 'Pawnee' fruits exhibited the highest seed kernel fullness, ∆E value, fruit transverse diameter, shape index, kernel yield, crude fat, and total phenolic content in late September and early October, while the quality of 'Wichita' fruits reached its peak in late October. The appropriate harvest period is conducive to the material accumulation of , which is of great practical significance for improving the commodity value of pecans. The optimal harvesting period for 'Pawnee' in Nanjing is from the end of September to the beginning of October, and the optimal harvesting period for 'Wichita' is from mid- to late-October to the end of October.
为确定中国南京市种植的山核桃适宜采收期，本研究分别分析了‘波尼’和‘威奇托’两个品种在9月和10月期间的表型特征及内含物，包括单果质量、果实横纵径、出仁率、含水量、色泽、呼吸强度、粗脂肪、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和总酚含量。结果表明，随着采收日期推迟，山核桃果实的呼吸强度和 值降低。‘波尼’果实在9月下旬和10月上旬表现出最高的种仁饱满度、∆E值、果实横径、果形指数、果仁产量、粗脂肪和总酚含量，而‘威奇托’果实品质在10月下旬达到峰值。适宜的采收期有利于山核桃物质积累，对提高山核桃商品价值具有重要现实意义。南京地区‘波尼’的最佳采收期为9月底至10月初，‘威奇托’的最佳采收期为10月中下旬至10月底。
