Department of Human Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karłowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Aug 6;25(16):8561. doi: 10.3390/ijms25168561.
Tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), exhibits dual agonist or antagonist effects contingent upon its binding to either G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) or estrogen nuclear receptor (ESR). Estrogen signaling plays a pivotal role in initiating epigenetic alterations and regulating estrogen-responsive genes in breast cancer. Employing three distinct breast cancer cell lines-MCF-7 (ESR+; GPER+), MDA-MB-231 (ESR-; GPER-), and SkBr3 (ESR-; GPER+)-this study subjected them to treatment with two tamoxifen derivatives: 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-HT) and endoxifen (Endox). Through 2D high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detection (HPLC-MS/MS), varying levels of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) were found, with MCF-7 displaying the highest levels. Furthermore, TET3 mRNA expression levels varied among the cell lines, with MCF-7 exhibiting the lowest expression. Notably, treatment with 4-HT induced significant changes in TET3 expression across all cell lines, with the most pronounced increase seen in MCF-7 and the least in MDA-MB-231. These findings underscore the influence of tamoxifen derivatives on DNA methylation patterns, particularly through modulating TET3 expression, which appears to be contingent on the presence of estrogen receptors. This study highlights the potential of targeting epigenetic modifications for personalized anti-cancer therapy, offering a novel avenue to improve treatment outcomes.
他莫昔芬是一种选择性雌激素受体调节剂(SERM),根据其与 G 蛋白偶联雌激素受体(GPER)或雌激素核受体(ESR)的结合情况,表现出激动剂或拮抗剂的双重作用。雌激素信号在启动乳腺癌中的表观遗传改变和调节雌激素反应基因方面发挥着关键作用。本研究采用三种不同的乳腺癌细胞系-MCF-7(ESR+;GPER+)、MDA-MB-231(ESR-;GPER-)和 SkBr3(ESR-;GPER+)-用两种他莫昔芬衍生物:4-羟基他莫昔芬(4-HT)和依西美坦(Endox)对它们进行处理。通过二维高效液相色谱与串联质谱检测(HPLC-MS/MS),发现了不同水平的 5-甲基胞嘧啶(5-mC),其中 MCF-7 含量最高。此外,TET3 mRNA 表达水平在细胞系之间存在差异,其中 MCF-7 表达水平最低。值得注意的是,4-HT 处理在所有细胞系中均诱导 TET3 表达发生显著变化,在 MCF-7 中增加最为明显,在 MDA-MB-231 中增加最少。这些发现强调了他莫昔芬衍生物对 DNA 甲基化模式的影响,特别是通过调节 TET3 表达,这似乎取决于雌激素受体的存在。本研究强调了针对表观遗传修饰的个体化抗癌治疗的潜力,为改善治疗结果提供了新途径。