Western Human Nutrition Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Davis, California, USA.
Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
Annu Rev Nutr. 2024 Aug;44(1):125-153. doi: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-062322-022751.
Adequate micronutrient intake and status are global public health goals. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are widespread and known to impair health and survival across the life stages. However, knowledge of molecular effects, metabolic pathways, biological responses to variation in micronutrient nutriture, and abilities to assess populations for micronutrient deficiencies and their pathology remain lacking. Rapidly evolving methodological capabilities in genomics, epigenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics offer unparalleled opportunities for the nutrition research community to link micronutrient exposure to cellular health; discover new, arguably essential micronutrients of microbial origin; and integrate methods of molecular biology, epidemiology, and intervention trials to develop novel approaches to assess and prevent micronutrient deficiencies in populations. In this review article, we offer new terminology to specify nutritional application of multiomic approaches and encourage collaboration across the basic to public health sciences to advance micronutrient deficiency prevention.
摄入充足的微量营养素并维持其良好状态是全球公共卫生目标。维生素和矿物质缺乏广泛存在，已知会损害各个生命阶段的健康和生存。然而，人们对分子效应、代谢途径、对微量营养素营养变化的生物学反应以及评估人群微量营养素缺乏及其发病机制的能力知之甚少。基因组学、表观基因组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学中快速发展的方法学能力为营养研究界提供了前所未有的机会，使人们能够将微量营养素暴露与细胞健康联系起来；发现新的、可能是微生物来源的必需微量营养素；并整合分子生物学、流行病学和干预试验方法，以开发新的方法来评估和预防人群中的微量营养素缺乏。在这篇综述文章中，我们提出了新的术语来指定多组学方法的营养应用，并鼓励基础科学到公共卫生科学的跨学科合作，以推进微量营养素缺乏的预防。
