Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
Analyst. 2024 Oct 7;149(20):5081-5090. doi: 10.1039/d4an00938j.
Modern criminal investigations heavily rely on trace bodily fluid evidence as a rich source of DNA. DNA profiling of such evidence can result in the identification of an individual if a matching DNA profile is available. Alternatively, phenotypic profiling based on the analysis of body fluid traces can significantly narrow down the pool of suspects in a criminal investigation. Urine stain is a frequently encountered specimen at the scene of crime. Raman spectroscopy offers great potential as a universal confirmatory method for the identification of all main body fluids, including urine. In this proof-of-concept study, Raman spectroscopy combined with advanced statistics was used for race differentiation based on the analysis of urine stains. Specifically, a Random Forest (RF) model was built, which allowed for differentiating Caucasian (CA) and African American (AA) descent donors with 90% accuracy based on Raman spectra of dried urine samples. Raman spectra were collected from samples of 28 donors varying in age and sex. This novel technology offers great potential as a universal forensic tool for phenotypic profiling of a potential suspect immediately at the scene of a crime, providing invaluable information for a criminal investigation.
现代刑事侦查在很大程度上依赖于痕量体液证据作为 DNA 的丰富来源。如果有匹配的 DNA 图谱，对这些证据进行 DNA 分析可以识别出个体。或者，基于体液痕迹分析的表型分析可以大大缩小刑事侦查中嫌疑犯的范围。尿斑是犯罪现场经常遇到的样本。拉曼光谱作为一种通用的确认方法，具有很大的潜力，可以识别所有主要的体液，包括尿液。在这项概念验证研究中，拉曼光谱结合先进的统计学方法，用于基于尿斑分析的种族区分。具体来说，建立了一个随机森林（RF）模型，该模型可以根据干燥尿液样本的拉曼光谱，以 90%的准确率区分白人和非裔美国人（AA）血统的供体。拉曼光谱是从年龄和性别各不相同的 28 名供体样本中采集的。这项新技术具有作为一种通用的法医工具，用于在犯罪现场立即对潜在嫌疑人进行表型分析的巨大潜力，为刑事侦查提供了宝贵的信息。
