Portingale Jade, Girardin Simone, Liu Shanshan, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz Matthew, Krug Isabel
Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, North Melbourne VIC 3051, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
J Eat Disord. 2024 Sep 3;12(1):129. doi: 10.1186/s40337-024-01096-8.
We assessed the bi-directional relationships between upward appearance comparisons on social media with body dissatisfaction (BD) and disordered eating (DE) in women's daily lives and the potential moderating effect of trait self-objectification on these relationships. Women (N = 315) completed a baseline measure of trait self-objectification, then reported momentary experiences of social media-based appearance comparisons (upward, lateral, downward), body satisfaction, and DE urges (restrict food intake, exercise, overeat) for seven days. We hypothesized that upward (relative to no) comparisons would predict lower body satisfaction and higher DE urges, while lateral and downward (relative to no) comparisons would predict higher body satisfaction and lower DE urges. We expected these relationships to be bi-directional and moderated by trait self-objectification. Multilevel modelling results revealed complex bi-directional relationships. Upward comparisons predicted lower body satisfaction and increased urges to restrict food intake, which in turn predicted increased upward comparisons. Unexpectedly, urges to restrict food intake predicted all comparison types. We observed somewhat unanticipated bi-directional relationships between lateral comparisons and exercise urges, and between downward comparisons and body satisfaction. Uni-directional relationships emerged between upward comparisons and the urge to overeat. Trait self-objectification moderated very few of these relationships. These findings support the non-uniform impact of appearance comparisons on body image and eating concerns and highlight the complexity of daily social media-body image dynamics. Future research using refined measures over extended periods is needed to elucidate these relationships further and inform targeted interventions.
我们评估了社交媒体上向上外观比较与女性日常生活中的身体不满（BD）和饮食失调（DE）之间的双向关系，以及特质自我物化对这些关系的潜在调节作用。315名女性完成了特质自我物化的基线测量，然后连续七天报告基于社交媒体的外观比较（向上、横向、向下）、身体满意度和饮食失调冲动（限制食物摄入、锻炼、暴饮暴食）的即时体验。我们假设，向上比较（相对于无比较）会预测较低的身体满意度和较高的饮食失调冲动，而横向和向下比较（相对于无比较）会预测较高的身体满意度和较低的饮食失调冲动。我们预计这些关系是双向的，并受特质自我物化的调节。多层次建模结果揭示了复杂的双向关系。向上比较预测较低的身体满意度和增加的限制食物摄入冲动，而这反过来又预测了向上比较的增加。出乎意料的是，限制食物摄入的冲动预测了所有比较类型。我们观察到横向比较与锻炼冲动之间以及向下比较与身体满意度之间存在一些意外的双向关系。向上比较与暴饮暴食冲动之间出现了单向关系。特质自我物化对这些关系的调节作用很小。这些发现支持了外观比较对身体形象和饮食问题的非统一影响，并突出了日常社交媒体与身体形象动态关系的复杂性。需要未来使用更精确的测量方法并在更长时间内进行的研究，以进一步阐明这些关系并为有针对性的干预提供信息。
