Prathivadi Neha P, Birur Badari, Li Li
Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
J Diabetes Treat. 2024;9(1). doi: 10.29011/2574-7568.010131. Epub 2024 Mar 15.
This study aimed to test whether the relationship between Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and prediabetes is sex-specific and explored potential pathways.
One hundred sixty-eight participants were enrolled, and 142 completed the study for data analysis. Participants were divided into patients with MDD (n=58) and without MDD, i.e., controls (n=84). The Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) was conducted, and the serum cortisol levels of each participant were also measured. Demographic variables were analyzed using t-tests or chi-square tests. Covariance analysis was conducted to test the measures derived from OGTT and cortisol levels between groups.
There was no difference in fasting glucose, 2-hour post-prandial levels, and indices of insulin sensitivity between MDD and control groups. However, in a stratified and sex-comparative analysis, female participants with MDD had higher fasting glucose and cortisol levels than female controls, but this was not seen in males. Also, fasting glucose was positively correlated with the severity of depression in females with MDD.
Females with MDD have the highest risk of developing prediabetes compared to female controls and males, possibly through cortisol. Fasting glucose and cortisol could be biomarkers to recognize prediabetes in females with MDD for early intervention and better outcomes.
本研究旨在检验重度抑郁症（MDD）与糖尿病前期之间的关系是否存在性别差异，并探索潜在途径。
招募了168名参与者，其中142名完成研究用于数据分析。参与者被分为患有MDD的患者（n = 58）和未患MDD的对照组（n = 84）。进行了口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT），并测量了每位参与者的血清皮质醇水平。使用t检验或卡方检验分析人口统计学变量。进行协方差分析以检验两组之间从OGTT和皮质醇水平得出的测量值。
MDD组与对照组在空腹血糖、餐后2小时血糖水平和胰岛素敏感性指标方面没有差异。然而，在分层和性别比较分析中，患有MDD的女性参与者的空腹血糖和皮质醇水平高于女性对照组，但男性中未观察到这种情况。此外，空腹血糖与患有MDD的女性的抑郁严重程度呈正相关。
与女性对照组和男性相比，患有MDD的女性患糖尿病前期的风险最高，可能是通过皮质醇。空腹血糖和皮质醇可能是识别患有MDD的女性糖尿病前期的生物标志物，以便进行早期干预并获得更好的结果。
