Soponkanabhorn Tanatchabhorn, Suratannon Narissara, Buranapraditkun Supranee, Tubjareon Chomchanat, Prachuapthunyachart Sittichoke, Eiamkulbutr Sutha, Chongsrisawat Voranush
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.
Center of Excellence for Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.
Heliyon. 2024 Aug 20;10(16):e36610. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36610. eCollection 2024 Aug 30.
Limited data are currently available regarding the cellular immune response to a live attenuated hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccine, especially in children with obesity. The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to compare the activation of antigen-specific interferon (IFN)-γ+ T cells in obese children and adolescents with healthy individuals before and after immunization with a single dose of live attenuated HAV vaccine.
Blood samples were obtained from the 2021 study by Dumrisilp et al. investigating the immunogenicity of the live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine in children and young adults. Prior to enrollment, all 212 subjects had never received any HAV vaccine and tested negative for anti-HAV antibodies. The participants were vaccinated with a freeze-dried, live attenuated HAV vaccine of the H2 strain. In this study, we analyzed the stored peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from a subgroup of 30 obese subjects and 30 normal-weight healthy controls of the same age and sex. PBMCs were collected before and 8-9 weeks after HAV vaccination for further analysis. These cells were stimulated with a recombinant antigen derived from HAV-VP3, and the immune response was evaluated using the IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assay.
The between-group analysis indicated that the T-cell response of obese participants was comparable to that of normal-weight controls both before and after vaccination. The change in IFN-γ production from before to after vaccination in the obese group was not significantly different from that of the control group. Additionally, in the obese group, no correlation was found between IFN-γ production and clinical characteristics such as sex, body mass index, waist circumference, and acanthosis nigricans.
Testing for cellular immune response provides a comprehensive understanding of the overall immune response to vaccination. This study, the first to explore this significant aspect, suggests that obesity does not affect the short-term cellular immune response to live attenuated HAV vaccination.
目前关于减毒活甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）疫苗的细胞免疫反应的数据有限，尤其是在肥胖儿童中。这项回顾性队列研究的目的是比较单剂量减毒活HAV疫苗免疫前后肥胖儿童和青少年与健康个体中抗原特异性干扰素（IFN）-γ+T细胞的激活情况。
血液样本取自2021年Dumrisilp等人的研究，该研究调查了减毒活甲型肝炎疫苗在儿童和年轻人中的免疫原性。在入组前，所有212名受试者从未接种过任何HAV疫苗，且抗HAV抗体检测呈阴性。参与者接种了H2株冻干减毒活HAV疫苗。在本研究中，我们分析了从30名肥胖受试者和30名年龄和性别相同的正常体重健康对照的亚组中获得的储存外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）。在HAV疫苗接种前和接种后8 - 9周收集PBMC进行进一步分析。这些细胞用源自HAV-VP3的重组抗原来刺激，并使用IFN-γ酶联免疫斑点（ELISpot）试验评估免疫反应。
组间分析表明，肥胖参与者的T细胞反应在接种疫苗前后与正常体重对照组相当。肥胖组接种疫苗前后IFN-γ产生的变化与对照组无显著差异。此外，在肥胖组中，未发现IFN-γ产生与性别、体重指数、腰围和黑棘皮病等临床特征之间存在相关性。
细胞免疫反应检测有助于全面了解疫苗接种后的整体免疫反应。这项首次探索这一重要方面的研究表明，肥胖并不影响对减毒活HAV疫苗的短期细胞免疫反应。
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