Pu Qing, Qian Jinbiao, Zhang Yingwei, Yang Shangjing, Huang Hongshou, Chao Qi, Fan Guohua
Key Laboratory for Light-Weight Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210037, China.
AVIC Shenyang Aircraft Industrial (Group) Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110850, China.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Aug 30;17(17):4319. doi: 10.3390/ma17174319.
Gas-induced porosity is almost inevitable in additively manufactured aluminum alloys due to the evaporation of low-melting point elements (e.g., Al, Mg, and Zn) and the encapsulation of gases (e.g., hydrogen) during the multiple-phase reaction in the melt pool. These micropores are highly unstable during post-heat treatment at elevated temperatures and greatly affect mechanical properties and service reliability. In this study, the AlSi10Mg samples prepared by LPBF were subjected to solution heat treatment at 560 °C for 0.5 and 2 h, followed by artificial aging at 160 °C, 180 °C and 200 °C, respectively. The defect tolerance of gas porosity and associated damage mechanisms in the as-built and heat treated AlSi10Mg alloy were elucidated using optical, scanning electron microscopic analysis, X-ray micro computed tomography (XCT) and room temperature tensile testing. The results showed the defect tolerance of AlSi10Mg alloy prepared by LPBF was significantly reduced by the artificial aging treatment due to the precipitation of Mg-Si phases. Fracture analysis showed that the cooperation of fine precipitates and coarsened micropores assists nucleation and propagation of microcracks sites due to stress concentration upon tensile deformation and reduces the tensile elongation at break.
由于低熔点元素(如铝、镁和锌)的蒸发以及熔池中多相反应过程中气体(如氢气)的包裹,气体诱导孔隙率在增材制造铝合金中几乎不可避免。这些微孔在高温后热处理过程中极不稳定,极大地影响机械性能和服役可靠性。在本研究中,通过激光粉末床熔融(LPBF)制备的AlSi10Mg样品在560℃下进行0.5小时和2小时的固溶热处理,随后分别在160℃、180℃和200℃下进行人工时效处理。利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜分析、X射线显微计算机断层扫描(XCT)和室温拉伸试验,阐明了增材制造及热处理后的AlSi10Mg合金中气孔的缺陷容限及相关损伤机制。结果表明,由于Mg-Si相的析出,人工时效处理显著降低了LPBF制备的AlSi10Mg合金的缺陷容限。断口分析表明,细小析出相与粗化微孔的协同作用,在拉伸变形时由于应力集中辅助微裂纹形核与扩展,降低了断裂伸长率。