Hanif Dewan Mohammud, Ahmed Mustafi Mohitul Ameen, Matos Florinda, Godina Radu
UNIDEMI - Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
Logistic Engineering & Management, Chang'an University, Xi'an City, 710064, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Aug 22;10(17):e36505. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36505. eCollection 2024 Sep 15.
With 2.89 % of global carbon emissions caused by human activity, the maritime industry faces an imminent challenge in curbing its carbon footprint despite regulatory initiatives. As the shipping sector expands, the industry faces a projected increase in carbon emissions. Recognizing the key role of seafarers in emission reduction, this article introduces a comprehensive training framework designed to enhance awareness, knowledge, understanding, and skills for implementing energy-efficient ship operations. This study utilizes structural equation modeling to assess the effectiveness of seafarers' training on energy-efficient operation of ships (EEOS) by surveying 144 seafarers across 42 shipping companies worldwide and using structured questionnaires. This study found significant positive correlations between implementing the Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) and the training programs initiated by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and shipping companies. The results of this study indicate that traditional institutional and specialized training programs on EEOS are relatively ineffective for seafarers in implementing SEEMP onboard ships. Furthermore, the study argues that computer and simulator-based training facilitates knowledge, understanding, and proficiency of SEEMP among seafarers more effectively than the onboard training provided by the ship's master and the chief engineer. The proposed training framework emphasizes the importance of initial training using the IMO E-Learning course and IMO "Train the Trainer" programs, followed by shipping companies' in-house training by classification societies, company project teams, and simulator-based training by service providers. The study proposes a strategic training framework that encompasses in-house training conducted by shipping companies in collaboration with partners, simulator-based training provided by specialized training providers, and ongoing onboard training facilitated by the vessel's master and chief engineer, with integration of computer-based training (CBT). This strategic approach intends to improve seafarers' competence in energy-efficient ship operations to meet predetermined carbon intensity targets, which aligns with the broader goal of leading the maritime industry toward a future of net-zero emissions.
人类活动造成的全球碳排放中有2.89%来自海运业，尽管有监管举措，但该行业在控制碳足迹方面仍面临紧迫挑战。随着航运业的扩张，预计该行业的碳排放量将会增加。认识到海员在减排中的关键作用，本文介绍了一个全面的培训框架，旨在提高海员对实施节能船舶运营的意识、知识、理解和技能。本研究通过对全球42家航运公司的144名海员进行调查，并使用结构化问卷，利用结构方程模型评估海员培训对船舶节能运营（EEOS）的有效性。本研究发现，实施船舶能效管理计划（SEEMP）与国际海事组织（IMO）和航运公司发起的培训项目之间存在显著的正相关关系。研究结果表明，传统的关于EEOS的机构培训和专业培训项目对海员在船上实施SEEMP的效果相对不佳。此外，该研究认为，基于计算机和模拟器的培训比船长和轮机长提供的船上培训更能有效地促进海员对SEEMP的知识、理解和熟练程度。拟议的培训框架强调使用IMO电子学习课程和IMO“培训培训师”项目进行初始培训的重要性，随后是船级社、公司项目团队进行的航运公司内部培训，以及服务提供商提供的基于模拟器的培训。该研究提出了一个战略培训框架，其中包括航运公司与合作伙伴合作进行的内部培训、专业培训提供商提供的基于模拟器的培训，以及由船舶船长和轮机长推动的持续船上培训，并整合基于计算机的培训（CBT）。这种战略方法旨在提高海员在节能船舶运营方面的能力，以实现预定的碳强度目标，这与引领海运业走向净零排放未来的更广泛目标相一致。
