Faculty of Medicine, Colima of University, Colima, Mexico.
Department of Neuroendocrinology, University Center of Biomedical Research, Colima University, Colima, Mexico.
Physiol Rep. 2024 Sep;12(18):e70016. doi: 10.14814/phy2.70016.
The carotid body (CB) senses changes in arterial O partial pressure (pO) and glucose levels; therefore, it is key for the detection of hypoxia and hypoglycemia. The CB has been suggested to detect pO through an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the mitochondria. However, the mechanism protecting the chemoreceptor cells and their mitochondria from ROS and hyperglycemia is poorly understood. Here we measured glutathione levels in CB mitochondria of control and in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic male Wistar rats. We found a dramatic reduction in total glutathione from 11.45 ± 1.30 μmol/mg protein in control rats to 1.45 ± 0.31 μmol/mg protein in diabetic rats. However, the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione, a measure of the redox index, was increased in diabetic rats compared to controls. We conclude that the mitochondria of CB chemoreceptor cells in type 1 diabetic male Wistar rats were likely under glutathione-reducing stress.
颈动脉体 (CB) 可感知动脉氧分压 (pO) 和葡萄糖水平的变化；因此，它是检测缺氧和低血糖的关键。CB 被认为通过线粒体中活性氧 (ROS) 的增加来检测 pO。然而，保护化学感受器细胞及其线粒体免受 ROS 和高血糖影响的机制尚不清楚。在这里，我们测量了对照组和链脲佐菌素 (STZ) 诱导的 1 型糖尿病雄性 Wistar 大鼠 CB 线粒体中的谷胱甘肽水平。我们发现，总谷胱甘肽从对照组大鼠的 11.45 ± 1.30 μmol/mg 蛋白急剧减少到糖尿病大鼠的 1.45 ± 0.31 μmol/mg 蛋白。然而，与对照组相比，糖尿病大鼠的还原型谷胱甘肽与氧化型谷胱甘肽的比值（衡量氧化还原指数）增加。我们得出结论，1 型糖尿病雄性 Wistar 大鼠 CB 化学感受器细胞的线粒体可能处于谷胱甘肽还原应激之下。
