Syntrivanis Leonidas-Dimitrios, Tiefenbacher Konrad
Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH, Zurich, Basel, Switzerland.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2024 Dec 2;63(49):e202412622. doi: 10.1002/anie.202412622. Epub 2024 Nov 4.
There is increasing interest in the discovery and application of molecular flasks-supramolecular host structures capable of catalyzing organic reactions. Reminiscent of enzymes due to possessing a host cavity akin to an active site, molecular flasks can exhibit complex catalytic mechanisms and in many cases provide selectivity not achievable in bulk solvent. In this Review, we aim to organize the increasingly diverse examples through a two-part structure. In part one, we provide an overview of the different acceleration modes that operate within molecular flasks, while in part two we showcase, through selected examples, the different types of selectivity that are obtainable through the use of molecular flasks. Particular attention is given to examples that are relevant to current challenges in synthetic organic chemistry. We believe that this structure makes the field more approachable and thus will stimulate the development of novel applications of molecular flasks.
人们对能够催化有机反应的分子烧瓶——超分子主体结构的发现和应用越来越感兴趣。由于拥有类似于活性位点的主体空腔，分子烧瓶类似于酶，能够展现出复杂的催化机制，并且在许多情况下提供在本体溶剂中无法实现的选择性。在本综述中，我们旨在通过两部分结构来梳理日益多样的实例。在第一部分中，我们概述了分子烧瓶内起作用的不同加速模式，而在第二部分中，我们通过选定的实例展示了通过使用分子烧瓶可获得的不同类型的选择性。特别关注与当前有机合成化学挑战相关的实例。我们相信这种结构使该领域更易于理解，从而将刺激分子烧瓶新应用的发展。
