Peng Shirui, Liu Jing, Pan Guofei, Qin Yan, Yang Zhixing, Yang Xiaomu, Gu Minghua, Zhu Zhiqiang, Wei Yanyan
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-bioresources. Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Development Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
Environ Geochem Health. 2024 Sep 27;46(11):456. doi: 10.1007/s10653-024-02243-5.
Cadmium (Cd) pollution in water and soil seriously threatens human health. Biochar and nanomaterials have high potential for solving the cadmium pollution problem due to their abundant pores and high specific surface area. Here, the preparation of the composite material SiONPs@BC (SBC) using SiO NPs (SN) and silkworm excrement biochar (BC) is described, along with its application in the remediation of cadmium-contaminated water and soil. Characterization experiments (SEM&EDS, BET, FTIR, XRD, and XPS) demonstrated that SiONPs@BC has a high specific surface area (46.5767m/g), a well-developed pore structure (0.608375cm/g), and abundant surface functional groups (Si-C, Si-O, Si-O-Si), providing active sites for the adsorption of Cd. Batch adsorption experiments in water showed that the adsorption capacity of SBC is higher than that of biochar (BC) and SN, with a maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of 141.99 mg/g. After five adsorption cycles, the removal rate of SBC was 73.04%, significantly higher than the 64.97% obtained for BC. The application of SBC not only improved the soil physicochemical properties by increasing the soil pH, the cation exchange capacity, and the soil organic matter content but also by reducing the amount of DTPA-Cd (24.6%) and the plant bioconcentration factor (28.28%) in the soil, converting Cd into more stable fractions (Red-Cd, Ox-Cd). Based on the results, SBC can effectively reduce Cd pollution.
水和土壤中的镉（Cd）污染严重威胁着人类健康。生物炭和纳米材料由于其丰富的孔隙和高比表面积，在解决镉污染问题方面具有很大潜力。本文描述了使用SiO纳米颗粒（SN）和蚕粪生物炭（BC）制备复合材料SiONPs@BC（SBC）及其在镉污染水和土壤修复中的应用。表征实验（SEM&EDS、BET、FTIR、XRD和XPS）表明，SiONPs@BC具有高比表面积（46.5767m/g）、发达的孔隙结构（0.608375cm/g）和丰富的表面官能团（Si-C、Si-O、Si-O-Si），为镉的吸附提供了活性位点。水中的批量吸附实验表明，SBC的吸附容量高于生物炭（BC）和SN，最大朗缪尔吸附容量为141.99mg/g。经过五个吸附循环后，SBC的去除率为73.04%，显著高于BC的64.97%。SBC的应用不仅通过提高土壤pH值、阳离子交换容量和土壤有机质含量来改善土壤理化性质，还通过降低土壤中DTPA-Cd的含量（24.6%）和植物生物富集系数（28.28%），将镉转化为更稳定的形态（还原态镉、氧化态镉）。基于这些结果，SBC可以有效降低镉污染。
