Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Sci Adv. 2024 Sep 27;10(39):eado7087. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.ado7087.
Pregnancy is associated with profound changes in immunity. However, pregnancy-related respiratory immune adaptations in response to influenza infection and their impact on disease severity remain unclear. Here, we describe, in a preclinical model of mid-gestation pregnancy, a mechanism of enhanced host defense against influenza A virus (IAV) localized to the nasal cavity that limits viral replication and reduces the magnitude of intrapulmonary immune responses. Consequently, the pregnant mice show reduced pulmonary pathology and preserved airway function after IAV infection. The early restriction of viral replication is independent of type I interferon (IFN) but dependent on increased antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) driven by interleukin-17 (IL-17) γδ T cells within the nasal passages. This pathway of host defense against IAV infection in the upper airways during pregnancy restricts early viral infection and prevents virus dissemination into the lung supporting maternal fitness.
妊娠伴随着免疫的深刻变化。然而，妊娠相关的呼吸道免疫适应对流感感染的反应及其对疾病严重程度的影响尚不清楚。在这里，我们在妊娠中期的临床前模型中描述了一种针对甲型流感病毒（IAV）的增强宿主防御机制，该机制定位于鼻腔，可限制病毒复制并降低肺内免疫反应的程度。因此，感染 IAV 后，怀孕小鼠的肺部病理减轻，气道功能得以维持。早期限制病毒复制与 I 型干扰素（IFN）无关，但依赖于鼻道中白细胞介素-17（IL-17）γδ T 细胞驱动的抗菌肽（AMP）增加。妊娠期间上呼吸道针对 IAV 感染的这种宿主防御途径可限制早期病毒感染并阻止病毒传播到肺部，从而支持母体健康。
