Clinical Laboratory Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Sep 27;103(39):e39622. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000039622.
Molecular structure and cellular distribution of lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) have been studied extensively since 1990. However, several unresolved questions remain. It is well-established that LAG-3 plays a significant role in maintaining immune homeostasis. The presence of deficiencies in LAG-3 has been observed to be linked with autoimmune disorders, whereas the excessive expression of LAG-3 within the tumor microenvironment hinders immune responses, particularly those mediated by lymphocytes, thereby facilitating immune evasion. Consequently, investigations into these 2 aspects have become a prominent focus in both fundamental and clinical research. The objective of this review is to examine the functions and molecular characteristics of LAG-3, as well as its current clinical applications in the context of tumor immune escape and autoimmune disease. The ultimate aim is to explore and propose novel immune therapy approach.
自 1990 年以来，人们对淋巴细胞激活基因-3（LAG-3）的分子结构和细胞分布进行了广泛的研究。然而，仍有几个未解决的问题。众所周知，LAG-3 在维持免疫稳态方面起着重要作用。已经观察到 LAG-3 的缺乏与自身免疫性疾病有关，而 LAG-3 在肿瘤微环境中的过度表达会抑制免疫反应，特别是由淋巴细胞介导的免疫反应，从而促进免疫逃逸。因此，对这两个方面的研究已成为基础和临床研究的一个重要焦点。本综述的目的是探讨 LAG-3 的功能和分子特征，以及其在肿瘤免疫逃逸和自身免疫性疾病中的临床应用。最终目的是探索并提出新的免疫治疗方法。
