Sahyon Heba A, Alharbi Nadaa S, Asad Zummar, El Shishtawy Mohamed A, Derbala Safaa A
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt.
Department of Medicine & Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland.
Children (Basel). 2024 Aug 23;11(9):1035. doi: 10.3390/children11091035.
Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common form of pediatric renal tumor, accounting for over 90% of cases followed by hypernephroma. Some pediatric patients with WT (10%) experience relapse or metastasis and have poor survival rates. PD-L1 assists cancer cells in escaping damage from the immune system. P53 mutations are found in relapsed WT tumor samples. We hypothesized that testing circulating PD-1 and PD-L1 and P53 expression levels could offer a simple method to predict patient relapse and explore novel treatments for pediatric WTs and hypernephroma. Flow cytometric detection of cPD-1, cPD-L1, and P53 expression in relapsed and in-remission WT and hypernephroma before and after one year of chemotherapy was performed. Our data shows increased levels of cPD-L1 in relapsed pediatric patients with WT or hypernephroma before and after chemotherapy. There were also slight and significant increases in cPD-1 levels in relapsed groups before chemotherapy. Additionally, we observed significant decreases in P53 expression after one year of chemotherapy in relapsed pediatric patients. Our study found that circulating PD-L1 can be used as a predictor marker for WT and hypernephroma relapse. In conclusion, these circulating markers can assist in monitoring relapse in WT and hypernephroma patients without the need for several biopsies.
肾母细胞瘤（WT）是小儿肾肿瘤最常见的形式，占病例的90%以上，其次是肾上腺样瘤。一些患有WT的小儿患者（10%）会复发或转移，生存率较低。程序性死亡受体配体1（PD-L1）帮助癌细胞逃避免疫系统的损伤。在复发的WT肿瘤样本中发现了P53突变。我们假设检测循环中的程序性死亡受体1（PD-1）、PD-L1和P53表达水平可以提供一种简单的方法来预测患者复发，并探索小儿WT和肾上腺样瘤的新治疗方法。对复发和缓解期的WT及肾上腺样瘤患者化疗前、化疗一年后的循环PD-1、PD-L1和P53表达进行了流式细胞术检测。我们的数据显示，复发的小儿WT或肾上腺样瘤患者化疗前后循环PD-L1水平升高。复发组化疗前循环PD-1水平也有轻微和显著升高。此外，我们观察到复发的小儿患者化疗一年后P53表达显著下降。我们的研究发现，循环PD-L1可用作WT和肾上腺样瘤复发的预测标志物。总之，这些循环标志物可帮助监测WT和肾上腺样瘤患者的复发情况，而无需多次活检。
