Wang Wenjie, Zhang Xiaoan, Wei Huiqing, Wang Sunze, Ye Yang, He Li, Zhang Kefan, Lu Yuan, Zhang Zijun, Huang Yafeng
College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
Center of Agriculture Technology Cooperation and Promotion of Dingyuan County, Chuzhou 233200, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Sep 21;14(18):2738. doi: 10.3390/ani14182738.
Meat quality is important in the meat-production chain. Conflicting reports of the effects of feeding systems on sheep growth performance and meat quality exist. By way of meta-analysis, we reviewed the literature on the growth and slaughter performance, and meat quality of lambs that grazed solely on pasture, those that grazed on pasture but received a dietary supplement, and those were exclusively fed indoors. The relevant literature comprised 28 papers, from which response variables of interest were obtained. Compared with stall-fed sheep, pasture-grazing led to significantly ( < 0.05) lower average daily gain, slaughter live weight, hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, and similar dressing percentage, but pasture-grazed sheep fed a supplement had similar ( > 0.05) values for each of these attributes to stall-fed sheep. The quality of the longissimus muscle from lambs that grazed either exclusively on pasture or pasture with a supplement had significantly ( < 0.05) lower lightness and intramuscular fat content, and significantly ( < 0.05) higher yellowness, Warner-Bratzler shear force, and protein content than meat from stall-fed sheep. We conclude that sheep that have fed exclusively on pasture have lower carcass yield and meat edibility, but improved meat quality, and that pasture-fed sheep that received a supplement had comparable carcass attributes, but greater meat color and health quality than stall-fed sheep.
肉质在肉类生产链中至关重要。关于饲养系统对绵羊生长性能和肉质影响的报道相互矛盾。通过荟萃分析，我们回顾了有关仅在牧场放牧的羔羊、在牧场放牧但接受日粮补充的羔羊以及完全在室内饲养的羔羊的生长、屠宰性能和肉质的文献。相关文献包括28篇论文，从中获取了感兴趣的反应变量。与舍饲绵羊相比，放牧导致平均日增重、屠宰活重、热胴体重、冷胴体重显著降低（<0.05），屠宰率相似，但放牧并补充饲料的绵羊在这些指标上与舍饲绵羊相似（>0.05）。仅在牧场或在牧场并补充饲料的羔羊的背最长肌的肉质，与舍饲绵羊的肉相比，亮度和肌内脂肪含量显著降低（<0.05），黄度、沃纳-布拉茨勒剪切力和蛋白质含量显著升高（<0.05）。我们得出结论，仅在牧场饲养的绵羊胴体产量和肉的可食性较低，但肉质有所改善，而放牧并补充饲料的绵羊胴体指标相当，但肉色和健康品质比舍饲绵羊更好。
