Insua Pinmanee, Nakkiew Wasawat, Baisukhan Adirek, Pitjamit Siwasit
Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Chiang Mai 50300, Thailand.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Sep 10;17(18):4447. doi: 10.3390/ma17184447.
This study investigates the effects of a back plate preheating assistance system and deep rolling (DR) on axial force and tunnel defects during friction stir welding (FSW). Different preheating configurations-advancing side (AS), retreating side (RS), and both sides-were examined to evaluate their impact on axial force reduction, temperature distribution, and defect minimization. Axial force measurements were taken using a dynamometer, and temperature histories were recorded with a thermal camera. The results demonstrate that a preheating temperature of 200 °C is optimal, reducing axial force by 30.24% and enhancing material flow. This temperature also facilitated deeper tool penetration, especially when preheating was applied to both sides. Preheating on the AS resulted in the smallest tunnel defects, reducing defect size by 80.15% on the RS and 96.91% on the AS compared to the non-preheated condition. While DR further reduced tunnel defects, its effectiveness was limited by the proximity of defects to the surface. These findings offer significant insights for improving the FSW process.
本研究调查了背板预热辅助系统和深滚压（DR）对搅拌摩擦焊（FSW）过程中轴向力和隧道缺陷的影响。研究了不同的预热配置——前进侧（AS）、后退侧（RS）和两侧——以评估它们对降低轴向力、温度分布和最小化缺陷的影响。使用测力计进行轴向力测量，并使用热像仪记录温度历程。结果表明，200°C的预热温度是最佳的，可使轴向力降低30.24%并增强材料流动性。该温度还促进了工具更深的穿透，特别是在两侧都进行预热时。在前进侧进行预热导致的隧道缺陷最小，与未预热条件相比，后退侧的缺陷尺寸减少了80.15%，前进侧减少了96.91%。虽然深滚压进一步减少了隧道缺陷，但其效果受到缺陷与表面距离的限制。这些发现为改进搅拌摩擦焊工艺提供了重要见解。
