Li Yonghui, Liu Qing, Zhang Xiaoming, Mao Benyong, Yang Guohui, Shi Fuming, Bi Jingui, Ma Zhibin, Tang Guowen
Research Institute of Gaoligong Mountains, Baoshan University, Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Insect Resources in Western Yunnan, Baoshan 678000, China.
Baoshan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization of Gaoligong Mountains, Baoshan 678000, China.
Insects. 2024 Sep 4;15(9):671. doi: 10.3390/insects15090671.
To determine the grasshopper species composition, altitudinal distribution patterns, and their main drivers, we conducted a study in Xizang using 33 sample plots ranging from 600 to 4100 m. Grasshoppers were collected from August to October during 2020-2022 using sweep nets. A total of 1159 grasshoppers from six families, 28 genera, and 44 species were identified, with and as the dominant species, comprising 30.03% and 10.26% of total grasshoppers, respectively. The results showed that species richness and the Margalef richness index of grasshopper communities decreased significantly ( < 0.05) with increasing altitude, peaking at 1100-1600 m and lowest values at 2600-3100 m. Similarly, the Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson dominance index also decreased significantly ( < 0.05) with an increase in altitude, showing the highest and lowest values at 600-1100 m and 3100-3600 m, respectively. The Jaccard similarity coefficients among grasshopper communities varied from 0 to 0.40 across altitudinal gradients, indicating different degrees of dissimilarity. The results of Pearson correlation analyses showed that the Shannon-Wiener index, species richness, Margalef richness index, and Simpson dominance index of grasshopper communities were significantly negatively correlated with the temperature factors and soil pH, but they were significantly positively correlated with the moisture factors. Hierarchical partitioning identified annual mean temperature-daily difference, precipitation in the coldest season, and driest month precipitation as the primary factors explaining variance in grasshopper community diversity in Xizang. These findings provided greater insights into the mechanisms underlying insect community structure, distribution patterns, and diversity in Xizang ecosystems, including implications for the effects of global warming on insect communities.
为了确定蝗虫的物种组成、海拔分布模式及其主要驱动因素，我们在西藏开展了一项研究，使用了33个海拔范围从600米到4100米的样地。在2020年至2022年的8月至10月期间，使用扫网收集蝗虫。共鉴定出1159只蝗虫，分属于6科、28属、44种，其中[具体物种1]和[具体物种2]为优势种，分别占蝗虫总数的30.03%和10.26%。结果表明，蝗虫群落的物种丰富度和Margalef丰富度指数随海拔升高显著下降（P<0.05），在1100 - 1600米达到峰值，在2600 - 3100米达到最低值。同样，Shannon - Wiener指数和Simpson优势度指数也随海拔升高显著下降（P<0.05），分别在600 - 1100米和3100 - 3600米出现最高值和最低值。蝗虫群落间的Jaccard相似系数在海拔梯度上从0到0.40不等，表明不同程度的差异。Pearson相关分析结果表明，蝗虫群落的Shannon - Wiener指数、物种丰富度、Margalef丰富度指数和Simpson优势度指数与温度因子和土壤pH显著负相关，但与水分因子显著正相关。层次划分确定年平均温度日较差、最冷月降水量和最干月降水量是解释西藏蝗虫群落多样性变化的主要因素。这些发现为西藏生态系统中昆虫群落结构、分布模式和多样性的潜在机制提供了更深入的见解，包括对全球变暖对昆虫群落影响的启示。
