Okrzymowska Paulina, Seidel Wojciech, Rozek-Piechura Krystyna
Department of Physiotherapy in Interal Medicine, University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland.
Department of Paralympic Sport, University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2024 Sep 10;13(18):5365. doi: 10.3390/jcm13185365.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of medium-intensity inspiratory muscle training added to standard swimming training on inspiratory muscle strength and aerobic endurance levels and training status in disabled swimming athletes. This study involved 16 disabled athletes: group I-athletes performing swimming training with 8 weeks inspiratory muscle training-IMT (50% of the maximum inspiratory pressure); group II-athletes performing standard swimming training with 8 weeks inspiratory muscle training (15% MIP). The following tests were performed three times: MIP, MEP, Borg RPE scale and swimming test: T-30 test; 8 × 100 progressive test. There was a significant increase in the MIP and MEP in group I after IMT. There was a significant increase in the distance swam during the T-30 only in group I after IMT. Significant differences were found between the first and third measurements in group I, and the effect was maintained at follow-up. There was also a significant reduction in La concentration in group I after IMT. There was a significant reduction in heart rate at 88% and 93% of the maximum speed in group I after the applied training. Inspiratory muscle training with 50% of the maximum inspiratory pressure load significantly increased the respiratory muscle strength of disabled swimmers. The application of higher-intensity IMT effectively improved the training level and physiological parameters of the swimmers' effort, indicating the need to include this type of training in the standard preparation of disabled swimmers.
本研究的目的是评估在标准游泳训练基础上增加中等强度吸气肌训练对残疾游泳运动员吸气肌力量、有氧耐力水平和训练状态的影响。本研究涉及16名残疾运动员：第一组运动员进行为期8周的吸气肌训练（最大吸气压力的50%）并结合游泳训练；第二组运动员进行标准游泳训练并结合为期8周的吸气肌训练（最大吸气压力的15%）。以下测试进行了三次：最大吸气压力（MIP）、最大呼气压力（MEP）、博格主观用力程度分级量表（Borg RPE scale）以及游泳测试：T-30测试；8×100渐进性测试。第一组在进行吸气肌训练后，最大吸气压力和最大呼气压力显著增加。仅在第一组进行吸气肌训练后，T-30测试中的游泳距离显著增加。在第一组中，第一次和第三次测量之间存在显著差异，且该效果在随访中得以维持。第一组在进行吸气肌训练后，乳酸浓度也显著降低。在进行所应用的训练后，第一组在最大速度的88%和93%时心率显著降低。以最大吸气压力负荷的50%进行吸气肌训练显著提高了残疾游泳运动员的呼吸肌力量。应用更高强度的吸气肌训练有效地提高了游泳运动员的训练水平和用力时的生理参数，表明在残疾游泳运动员的标准训练准备中需要纳入此类训练。
