Analysis of the Rice Raffinose Synthase (OsRS) Gene Family and Haplotype Diversity.

Based on the genome information of rice (Nipponbare), this study screened and identified six raffinose synthase (RS) genes and analyzed their physical and chemical properties, phylogenetic relationship, conserved domains, promoter cis-acting elements, and the function and genetic diversity of the gene-CDS-haplotype (gcHap). The results showed that these genes play key roles in abiotic stress response, such as , whose expression in leaves changed significantly under high salt, drought, ABA, and MeJA treatments. In addition, the OsRS genes showed significant genetic variations in different rice populations. The main gcHaps of most OsRS loci had significant effects on key agronomic traits, and the frequency of these alleles varied significantly among different rice populations and subspecies. These findings provide direction for studying the RS gene family in other crops.