Zhang Xiaoxiao, Li Ke, Cardoso Cristiano, Moctezuma-Ramirez Angel, Elgalad Abdelmotagaly
Center for Preclinical Surgical and Interventional Research, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89509, USA.
Life (Basel). 2024 Sep 12;14(9):1156. doi: 10.3390/life14091156.
In patients with heart failure, evaluating left ventricular (LV) diastolic function is vital, offering crucial insights into hemodynamic impact and prognostic accuracy. Echocardiography remains the primary imaging modality for diastolic function assessment, and using it effectively requires a profound understanding of the underlying pathology. This review covers four main topics: first, the fundamental driving forces behind each phase of normal diastolic dynamics, along with the physiological basis of two widely used echocardiographic assessment parameters, E/e' and mitral annulus early diastolic velocity (e'); second, the intricate functional relationship between the left atrium and LV in patients with varying degrees of LV diastolic dysfunction (LVDD); third, the role of stress echocardiography in diagnosing LVDD and the significance of echocardiographic parameter changes; and fourth, the clinical utility of evaluating diastolic function from echocardiography images across diverse cardiovascular care areas.
在心力衰竭患者中，评估左心室（LV）舒张功能至关重要，它能为血流动力学影响和预后准确性提供关键见解。超声心动图仍然是舒张功能评估的主要成像方式，有效使用它需要对潜在病理有深刻理解。本综述涵盖四个主要主题：第一，正常舒张动力学各阶段背后的基本驱动力，以及两个广泛使用的超声心动图评估参数E/e'和二尖瓣环舒张早期速度（e'）的生理基础；第二，不同程度左心室舒张功能障碍（LVDD）患者左心房与左心室之间复杂的功能关系；第三，负荷超声心动图在诊断LVDD中的作用以及超声心动图参数变化的意义；第四，在不同心血管护理领域通过超声心动图图像评估舒张功能的临床效用。
