Wang Chih-Liang, Li Cheng-Xue, Liang Sheng-Fu
Spring Sun Clinic, No. 139-2, Chongxue Rd., East Dist., Tainan City, 701016, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
Advanced Semiconductor Engineering, Inc, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
Eur J Ageing. 2024 Sep 28;21(1):27. doi: 10.1007/s10433-024-00824-y.
Studies of lifestyle through comprehensive objective and subjective measurements of health outcomes are lacking. An examination of lifestyle factors in middle-aged and older adults in terms of age, gender, and the interaction effect of age and gender from physiological and psychological perspectives are imperative. Recent advances in technology such as actigraphy have facilitated objective measurements. This exploratory study contributes to research on age and gender interactions on circadian rhythm, physical activity, sleep, and psychological variables by employing wrist accelerometers to measure behavioral circadian rhythm objectively and by using questionnaires to assess psychological status subjectively. The data were drawn from 218 participants aged 50 and older from the "Middle-aged and older adults Chinese Health and Actigraphy in Taiwan (MOCHA-T)". The results: (1) older adult group is associated with declined physical activity (MVPA time 79.9 min VS. 107.9 min, p = .002), worse sleep efficiency (78.1% VS. 81.9%, p = .008), and earlier lifestyle (Acrophase 14.19 h VS. 14.69 h, p = .01) comparing to middle-aged group. (2) Women have a more regular lifestyle (Interdaily stability 0.6 VS. 051, p < 0.001), higher physical activity (MVPA time 105.7 min VS. 79.3 min, p = .004), and better sleep efficiency (81.6% VS. 77.8%, p = .011) than men. (3) Significant age-by-gender interactions existed in life satisfaction (p = .025), relative amplitude (p = .016), and total wake time (p = .038). Furthermore, aging was associated with significant increases in life satisfaction among men as well as significant decreases in relative amplitude and reductions in the total wake time among women. In conclusion, aging exerted differential effects on life satisfaction in men as well as relative amplitude and the total wake time in women. This result highlights disparities in lifestyle arising from interconnected social and biological challenges.
通过对健康结果进行全面客观和主观测量来研究生活方式的研究尚属空白。从生理和心理角度，审视中年及老年成年人在年龄、性别以及年龄与性别的交互作用方面的生活方式因素势在必行。诸如活动记录仪等技术的最新进展促进了客观测量。这项探索性研究通过使用腕部加速度计客观测量行为昼夜节律，并通过问卷调查主观评估心理状态，为昼夜节律、身体活动、睡眠和心理变量方面的年龄与性别交互作用研究做出了贡献。数据取自“台湾中年及老年成年人的健康与活动记录仪（MOCHA-T）”中218名年龄在50岁及以上的参与者。结果：（1）与中年组相比，老年组的身体活动水平下降（中度至剧烈身体活动时间为79.9分钟对107.9分钟，p = 0.002），睡眠效率更差（78.1%对81.9%，p = 0.008），且生活方式更早（峰值相位为14.19小时对14.69小时，p = 0.01）。（2）女性的生活方式更为规律（日间稳定性为0.6对0.51，p < 0.001），身体活动水平更高（中度至剧烈身体活动时间为105.7分钟对79.3分钟，p = 0.004），睡眠效率更好（81.6%对77.8%，p = 0.011）。（3）在生活满意度（p = 0.025）、相对振幅（p = 0.016）和总清醒时间（p = 0.038）方面存在显著的年龄与性别交互作用。此外，衰老与男性生活满意度的显著增加以及女性相对振幅的显著降低和总清醒时间的减少相关。总之，衰老对男性的生活满意度以及女性的相对振幅和总清醒时间产生了不同的影响。这一结果凸显了相互关联的社会和生物学挑战所导致的生活方式差异。
