中老年人群睡眠质量与认知功能障碍的关联：一项中国的横断面研究
Association of sleep quality with cognitive dysfunction in middle-aged and elderly adults: a cross-sectional study in China.
作者信息
Jiang Mengyang, Liu Yang, Wang Xin, Liu Yuhe, Deng Xuan, Zhang Xiaoyu, Wang Baoguo
机构信息
Department of Anesthesiology, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China.
出版信息
Front Aging Neurosci. 2024 Sep 16;16:1417349. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1417349. eCollection 2024.
OBJECTIVES
Sleep is an indispensable part of human health, which can help us to restore physical strength, enhance immunity and maintain nervous system stability. The relationship between sleep quality and cognitive dysfunction is unclear, especially at the community population level. This study aims to explore the association between sleep quality and cognitive dysfunction.
METHODS
A total of 5,224 community residents were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Cognitive function was assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Sleep quality was assessed by the multidimensional sleep questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between sleep quality and cognitive dysfunction. The adjusted models took into account relevant demographic, clinical, and sleep variables.
RESULTS
A total of 3,106 participants were enrolled in this study, of whom 463 (15%) had cognitive dysfunction. Total sleep duration, staying up, sleep latency, number of awakenings, and history of sleep medications were associated with cognitive dysfunction in unadjusted models, and these effects were consistent after adjustment. First, those who slept 6-7.9 h per day (OR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.80, = 0.001) had a lower risk for cognitive dysfunction compared to those who slept less than 6 h per day. Second, participants who stayed up more than 10 times over the 3 months (OR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.20 to 3.00, = 0.006) were more likely to suffer cognitive dysfunction than those who never stayed up. Third, we also found that participants with sleep latencies of 16-30 min were less likely to experience cognitive dysfunction than those with sleep latencies of less than 16 min after adjusting confounders (OR = 0.33, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.47, < 0.001). Fourth, participants who woke up once (OR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.30, = 0.003) and three or more times (OR = 2.34, 95% CI 1.25 to 4.36, = 0.008) after falling asleep had a higher risk than those who did not wake up at night. Last, participants taking sleep medication (OR = 2.97, 95% CI 1.19 to 7.45, = 0.020) were more vulnerable to cognitive dysfunction, relative to participants without taking any medications.
CONCLUSION
Our results suggest that after adjustment for potential confounding variables, poor sleep quality is associated with cognitive dysfunction.
目的
睡眠是人类健康不可或缺的一部分，有助于我们恢复体力、增强免疫力并维持神经系统稳定。睡眠质量与认知功能障碍之间的关系尚不清楚，尤其是在社区人群层面。本研究旨在探讨睡眠质量与认知功能障碍之间的关联。
方法
本横断面研究共纳入5224名社区居民。采用简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）评估认知功能。通过多维睡眠问卷评估睡眠质量。使用多因素逻辑回归分析睡眠质量与认知功能障碍之间的关联。校正模型考虑了相关的人口统计学、临床和睡眠变量。
结果
本研究共纳入3106名参与者，其中463人（15%）存在认知功能障碍。在未校正模型中，总睡眠时间、熬夜情况、入睡潜伏期、觉醒次数和睡眠药物使用史均与认知功能障碍有关，校正后这些影响依然存在。首先，与每天睡眠不足6小时的人相比，每天睡眠6 - 7.9小时的人发生认知功能障碍的风险较低（OR = 0.57，95%CI 0.40至0.80，P = 0.001）。其次，在3个月内熬夜超过10次的参与者发生认知功能障碍的可能性高于从未熬夜的参与者（OR = 1.90，95%CI 1.20至3.00，P = 0.006）。第三，校正混杂因素后，我们还发现入睡潜伏期为16 - 半小时的参与者发生认知功能障碍的可能性低于入睡潜伏期小于16分钟的参与者（OR = 0.33，95%CI 0.23至0.47，P < 0.001）。第四，入睡后醒来一次（OR = 1.65，95%CI 1.19至2.30，P = 0.003）和醒来三次及以上（OR = 2.34，95%CI 1.25至4.36，P = 0.008）的参与者发生认知功能障碍的风险高于夜间未醒来的参与者。最后，与未服用任何药物的参与者相比，服用睡眠药物的参与者更容易发生认知功能障碍（OR = 2.97，95%CI 1.19至7.45，P = 0.020）。
结论
我们的结果表明，在对潜在混杂变量进行校正后，睡眠质量差与认知功能障碍有关。
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