Biochemical Sciences Division, National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Pune, Maharashtra, 411008, India.
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Oct;31(49):59571-59582. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-35187-5. Epub 2024 Oct 2.
Water hyacinth (WH) is a widespread floating invasive aquatic plant with a prolific reproductive and dispersion rate. With the aid of its root-associated microbes, WH significantly modulates the ecosystem's functioning. Despite their irrevocable importance, the WH microbiome remains unexplored in detail. Here, we present a shotgun sequencing analysis of WH rhizobiome predominant in urban rivers and their surrounding water to unveil the diversity drivers and functional relationship. The core microbiome of the WH mainly consisted of the methane-metabolizing archaebacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria, which are probably driving the methane and sulfur metabolic flux along the vegetative zone in the water. The beta diversity analysis revealed temporal variations (River WH_2020 vs. WH_2022) (R of 0.8 to 1 and R of 0.17 to 0.41), which probably could be attributed to the transient taxa as there was a higher sharing of core bacteria (48%). Also, the WH microbiome significantly differed (R = 0.46 to 1.0 and R of 0.18 to 0.52) from its surrounding water. Further, the functional analysis predicted 140 pollutant-degrading enzymes (PDEs) well-implicated in various xenobiotic pollutant degradation, including hydrocarbons, plastics, and aromatic dyes. These PDEs were mapped to bacterial genera such as Hydrogenophaga, Ideonella, Rubrivivax, Dechloromonas, and Thauera, which are well-reported for facilitating the metabolism of xenobiotic compounds. The higher prevalence of metal and biocide resistance genes further highlighted the persistence of resistant microbes assisting WH in bioremediation applications.
水葫芦（WH）是一种广泛分布的漂浮性入侵水生植物，具有很强的繁殖和扩散能力。在其根相关微生物的帮助下，WH 显著调节了生态系统的功能。尽管它们具有不可逆转的重要性，但 WH 微生物组仍未得到详细研究。在这里，我们对城市河流及其周围水中占优势的 WH 根际微生物组进行了 shotgun 测序分析，以揭示其多样性驱动因素和功能关系。WH 的核心微生物组主要由甲烷代谢古菌和硫酸盐还原菌组成，它们可能驱动了水中营养带的甲烷和硫代谢通量。β多样性分析显示了时间变化（River WH_2020 与 WH_2022）（R 为 0.8 到 1 和 R 为 0.17 到 0.41），这可能归因于瞬态分类群，因为核心细菌的共享率更高（48%）。此外，WH 微生物组与其周围水的差异显著（R 为 0.46 到 1.0 和 R 为 0.18 到 0.52）。此外，功能分析预测了 140 种参与各种异生物质污染物降解的污染物降解酶（PDEs），包括碳氢化合物、塑料和芳香染料。这些 PDEs被映射到细菌属，如 Hydrogenophaga、Ideonella、Rubrivivax、Dechloromonas 和 Thauera，它们因促进异生物质化合物的代谢而被广泛报道。更高水平的金属和杀生物剂抗性基因进一步强调了抗性微生物的持久性，有助于 WH 在生物修复应用中的应用。
