Ibáñez Ibáñez Pablo F, Stendardo Luca, Ospina Catalina, Chaudhary Rajat, Tagliaro Irene, Antonini Carlo
Laboratory of Surface and Interface Physics, Department of Applied Physics, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Laboratory of Surface Engineering and Fluid Interfaces, Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20125, Italy.
Laboratory of Surface Engineering and Fluid Interfaces, Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20125, Italy.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2025 Feb;679(Pt A):403-410. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.09.205. Epub 2024 Sep 26.
Passive low ice-adhesion surfaces are frequently composed of soft materials; however, soft materials potentially present durability issues, which could be overcome by fabricating composite surfaces with patterned rigid and soft areas. Here we propose the innovative concept of discontinuity-enhanced icephobic surfaces, where the stress concentration at the edge between rigid and soft areas, i.e. where discontinuities in elasticity are located, facilitates ice detachment.
Composite model surfaces were fabricated with controlled rigid-soft ratios and discontinuity line lengths. The ice adhesion values were measured while recording the ice/substrate interface, to unravel the underpinning ice detachment mechanism. The experiments were complemented by numerical simulations that provided a better understanding of the ice detachment mechanism.
It was found that when a surface contains rigid and soft areas, stress is concentrated at the edge between soft and hard areas, i.e. at the discontinuity line, rather than all over the soft or rigid areas. An unexpected non-unidirectional crack propagation was observed for the first time and elucidated. When rigid and deformable materials are present, the crack occurs on the discontinuity line and propagates first on rigid and then on soft areas. Moreover, it was demonstrated that an increase in discontinuities promotes crack initiation and leads to a reduction of ice adhesion.
被动低冰粘附表面通常由软材料构成；然而，软材料可能存在耐久性问题，可通过制造具有图案化刚性和软质区域的复合表面来克服。在此，我们提出了不连续性增强疏冰表面的创新概念，其中刚性和软质区域之间边缘处的应力集中，即弹性不连续处，有助于冰的脱离。
制造具有可控刚性 - 软质比例和不连续线长度的复合模型表面。在记录冰/基底界面的同时测量冰粘附值，以揭示潜在的冰脱离机制。实验辅以数值模拟，从而更好地理解冰脱离机制。
发现当表面包含刚性和软质区域时，应力集中在软质和硬质区域之间的边缘，即在不连续线上，而非遍布软质或刚性区域。首次观察并阐明了意外的非单向裂纹扩展。当存在刚性和可变形材料时，裂纹出现在不连续线上，先在刚性区域扩展，然后在软质区域扩展。此外，证明不连续性的增加会促进裂纹萌生并导致冰粘附力降低。
