Vinauger Clément, Chandrasegaran Karthikeyan
Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States.
Department of Entomology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States.
Front Insect Sci. 2024 Sep 25;4:1426715. doi: 10.3389/finsc.2024.1426715. eCollection 2024.
, the vector for dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika, poses a growing global epidemiological risk. Despite extensive research on 's life history traits and behavior, critical knowledge gaps persist, particularly in integrating these findings across varied experimental contexts. The plasticity of 's traits throughout its life cycle allows dynamic responses to environmental changes, yet understanding these variations within heterogeneous study designs remains challenging. A critical aspect often overlooked is the impact of using lab-adapted lines of , which may have evolved under laboratory conditions, potentially altering their life history traits and behavioral responses compared to wild populations. Therefore, incorporating field-derived populations in experimental designs is essential to capture the natural variability and adaptability of . The relationship between larval growing conditions and adult traits and behavior is significantly influenced by the specific context in which mosquitoes are studied. Laboratory conditions may not replicate the ecological complexities faced by wild populations, leading to discrepancies in observed traits and behavior. These discrepancies highlight the need for ecologically relevant experimental conditions, allowing mosquito traits and behavior to reflect field distributions. One effective approach is semi-field studies involving field-collected mosquitoes housed for fewer generations in the lab under ecologically relevant conditions. This growing trend provides researchers with the desired control over experimental conditions while maintaining the genetic diversity of field populations. By focusing on variations in life history traits and behavioral plasticity within these varied contexts, this review highlights the intricate relationship between larval growing conditions and adult traits and behavior. It underscores the significance of transstadial effects and the necessity of adopting study designs and reporting practices that acknowledge plasticity in adult traits and behavior, considering variations due to larval rearing conditions. Embracing such approaches paves the way for a comprehensive understanding of contextual variations in mosquito life history traits and behavior. This integrated perspective enables the synthesis of research findings across laboratory, semi-field, and field-based investigations, which is crucial for devising targeted intervention strategies tailored to specific ecological contexts to combat the health threat posed by this formidable disease vector effectively.
登革热、基孔肯雅热、黄热病和寨卡病毒的传播媒介,带来了日益增长的全球流行病学风险。尽管对其生活史特征和行为进行了广泛研究,但关键的知识空白依然存在,尤其是在将这些研究结果整合到不同实验背景方面。其在整个生命周期中特征的可塑性使其能够对环境变化做出动态反应,但在异质研究设计中理解这些变化仍然具有挑战性。一个经常被忽视的关键方面是使用实验室适应品系的影响,这些品系可能在实验室条件下进化,与野生种群相比,其生活史特征和行为反应可能发生了改变。因此,在实验设计中纳入野外种群对于捕捉其天然变异性和适应性至关重要。幼虫生长条件与成虫特征和行为之间的关系受到研究蚊子的具体背景的显著影响。实验室条件可能无法复制野生种群面临的生态复杂性,导致观察到的特征和行为出现差异。这些差异凸显了对生态相关实验条件的需求,以使蚊子的特征和行为能够反映野外分布情况。一种有效的方法是半野外研究,即将野外采集的蚊子在生态相关条件下在实验室饲养较少代数。这种不断增长的趋势为研究人员提供了对实验条件的理想控制,同时保持了野外种群的遗传多样性。通过关注这些不同背景下生活史特征和行为可塑性的变化,本综述强调了幼虫生长条件与成虫特征和行为之间的复杂关系。它强调了跨龄期效应的重要性,以及采用承认成虫特征和行为可塑性、考虑幼虫饲养条件差异的研究设计和报告方法的必要性。采用这些方法为全面理解蚊子生活史特征和行为的背景变化铺平了道路。这种综合观点能够整合实验室、半野外和野外调查的研究结果,这对于制定针对特定生态背景的有针对性的干预策略以有效应对这种强大疾病媒介所带来的健康威胁至关重要。