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齐墩果酸衍生物通过多靶点对抗耐药菌和真菌,以避免耐药性。

Oleanolic acid derivatives against drug-resistant bacteria and fungi by multi-targets to avoid drug resistance.

机构信息

Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.

Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.

出版信息

Eur J Med Chem. 2024 Dec 15;280:116940. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116940. Epub 2024 Oct 5.

Abstract

Mixed infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria and fungi pose a severe threat to human health, and multi-target drugs may provide an effective approach to combat drug-resistant pathogens. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the efficacies of some oleanolic acid (OA) derivatives against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and fungi using in vitro and in vivo experiments. Novel amphiphilic OA derivatives were designed and optimised, in which compounds G1 and J1 exhibited effective antimicrobial activity (MICs = 1-2 μg/mL), high selectivity against MDR strains, rapid bactericidal activity, and good predictive pharmacokinetics. Mechanistically, both compounds prevented drug resistance by disrupting the bacterial cell membrane, inserting into the DNA, and binding to DNA gyrase. Additionally, J1 reduced microbial count in a mouse MRSA skin infection model and accelerated wound healing much better than vancomycin. Conclusively, this study presents a new class of potential drugs for resistant bacteria and fungi.

摘要

耐药菌和真菌混合感染对人类健康构成严重威胁,多靶标药物可能为抗耐药病原体提供有效方法。因此,本研究旨在通过体外和体内实验研究一些齐墩果酸(OA)衍生物对多重耐药(MDR)细菌和真菌的疗效。设计并优化了新型两亲性 OA 衍生物,其中化合物 G1 和 J1 表现出有效的抗菌活性(MIC = 1-2 μg/mL)、对 MDR 菌株的高选择性、快速杀菌活性和良好的预测药代动力学。从机制上讲,这两种化合物都通过破坏细菌细胞膜、插入 DNA 并与 DNA 回旋酶结合来防止耐药性的产生。此外,J1 可降低 MRSA 皮肤感染模型中小鼠的微生物数量,并且比万古霉素更好地促进伤口愈合。总之,本研究提出了一类针对耐药细菌和真菌的新型潜在药物。

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