Advanced Engineering School (Agrobiotek), National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Ave, 36, Tomsk Oblast, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
Centre for Research in the Field of Materials and Technologies, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Ave, 36, Tomsk Oblast, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
Brief Bioinform. 2024 Sep 23;25(6). doi: 10.1093/bib/bbae513.
Bioinformatics has become an interdisciplinary subject due to its universal role in molecular biology research. The current status of Russia's bioinformatics research in Russia is not known. Here, we review the history of bioinformatics in Russia, present the current landscape, and highlight future directions and challenges. Bioinformatics research in Russia is driven by four major industries: information technology, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and agriculture. Over the past three decades, despite a delayed start, the field has gained momentum, especially in protein and nucleic acid research. Dedicated and shared centers for genomics, proteomics, and bioinformatics are active in different regions of Russia. Present-day bioinformatics in Russia is characterized by research issues related to genetics, metagenomics, OMICs, medical informatics, computational biology, environmental informatics, and structural bioinformatics. Notable developments are in the fields of software (tools, algorithms, and pipelines), use of high computation power (e.g. by the Siberian Supercomputer Center), and large-scale sequencing projects (the sequencing of 100 000 human genomes). Government funding is increasing, policies are being changed, and a National Genomic Information Database is being established. An increased focus on eukaryotic genome sequencing, the development of a common place for developers and researchers to share tools and data, and the use of biological modeling, machine learning, and biostatistics are key areas for future focus. Universities and research institutes have started to implement bioinformatics modules. A critical mass of bioinformaticians is essential to catch up with the global pace in the discipline.
生物信息学因其在分子生物学研究中的普遍作用而成为一门跨学科的学科。目前俄罗斯的生物信息学研究现状尚不清楚。在这里，我们回顾了俄罗斯生物信息学的历史，介绍了当前的发展情况，并强调了未来的方向和挑战。俄罗斯的生物信息学研究由四大产业驱动：信息技术、制药、生物技术和农业。在过去的三十年里，尽管起步较晚，但该领域的发展势头强劲，特别是在蛋白质和核酸研究方面。专门的和共享的基因组学、蛋白质组学和生物信息学中心活跃在俄罗斯的不同地区。目前，俄罗斯的生物信息学以与遗传学、宏基因组学、OMICS、医学信息学、计算生物学、环境信息学和结构生物信息学相关的研究问题为特征。值得注意的是在软件（工具、算法和流程）、利用高计算能力（例如，由西伯利亚超级计算机中心）和大规模测序项目（测序 10 万个人类基因组）等领域取得了显著进展。政府的资助正在增加，政策正在发生变化，一个国家基因组信息数据库正在建立。更加关注真核生物基因组测序、为开发人员和研究人员建立共享工具和数据的共同场所，以及使用生物建模、机器学习和生物统计学是未来关注的重点领域。大学和研究机构已经开始实施生物信息学模块。培养大量的生物信息学家对于跟上该学科的全球步伐至关重要。
