Saadullah Malik, Batool Jahan Ara, Rashad Muhammad, Asif Muhammad, Chauhdary Zunera, Bibi Asia
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
J Complement Integr Med. 2024 Oct 16;21(4):461-471. doi: 10.1515/jcim-2024-0231. eCollection 2024 Dec 1.
(MP) an Asian flowering plant, known for various reported pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, and hepatoprotective effects. This study focused on further exploring s methanol leaf extract (MPM) for bioactive principles and investigating its neuroprotective and cognition-enhancing potential in Alzheimer's disease models.
For the phytochemical screening and identification, TLC, HPLC, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) were employed. antioxidant potential was assayed by DPPH Free Radical Scavenging method, followed by neuroprotective effect of MPM (100, 200, 300 mg/kg) using Wistar-albino rats, sodium azide for induction of AD and rivastigmine as standard. Over 21 days, we observed neurobehavioral changes and performed biochemical (GSH, CAT, SOD, and AchE activity) and histopathological evaluations.
Results revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, amino acids, terpenoids, glycosides, sterols, and saponins. HPLC analysis confirmed the presence of gallic acids, sinapic acid, and caffeic acid. DPPH confirmed the antioxidant effect of MPM, which served as a base for its potential neuroprotective activity. Biochemically, oxidative stress markers improved significantly post-treatment, with decreased GSH, SOD, CAT levels, and increased AchE activity, indicating a reversal of AD-induced changes. Behavioral assessments showed improvements in locomotion, memory, spatial learning, and cognition. Histologically, there was a dose-dependent reduction in neurodegenerative features like neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid beta plaques.
Hence, this study concluded MPM is a promising candidate for prophylaxis and treatment of behavioral deficits and cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.
（MP）是一种亚洲开花植物，因其多种已报道的药理活性而闻名，包括抗氧化、抗伤害感受、抗炎、抗癌、抗菌、抗真菌和肝脏保护作用。本研究重点进一步探索其甲醇叶提取物（MPM）中的生物活性成分，并研究其在阿尔茨海默病模型中的神经保护和认知增强潜力。
采用薄层色谱法（TLC）、高效液相色谱法（HPLC）和傅里叶变换红外光谱法（FTIR）进行植物化学筛选和鉴定。通过DPPH自由基清除法测定抗氧化潜力，随后使用Wistar白化大鼠、叠氮化钠诱导阿尔茨海默病以及以卡巴拉汀作为标准，研究MPM（100、200、300mg/kg）的神经保护作用。在21天的时间里，我们观察神经行为变化，并进行生化（谷胱甘肽、过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性）和组织病理学评估。
结果显示存在生物碱、黄酮类化合物、氨基酸、萜类化合物、糖苷、甾醇和皂苷。HPLC分析证实存在没食子酸、芥子酸和咖啡酸。DPPH证实了MPM的抗氧化作用，这为其潜在的神经保护活性奠定了基础。生化方面，治疗后氧化应激标志物显著改善，谷胱甘肽、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶水平降低，乙酰胆碱酯酶活性增加，表明阿尔茨海默病诱导的变化得到逆转。行为评估显示运动、记忆、空间学习和认知能力有所改善。组织学上，神经原纤维缠结和β淀粉样斑块等神经退行性特征呈剂量依赖性减少。
因此，本研究得出结论，MPM是预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病行为缺陷和认知功能障碍的有前景的候选药物。
