Hu Kaikai, Jin Liuyin, Yang Yang, Wu Linman, Xie Guomin, Wu Xiping
Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo, University,Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Lishui Second People's Hospital, Lishui, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Sep 18;10(19):e38053. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38053. eCollection 2024 Oct 15.
Previous studies have indicated a certain relationship between the intake of fruits and vegetables and frailty. However, there is currently a lack of research on the association between fruit and vegetable intake and frailty.
This study aims to explore the potential correlation between fruit and vegetable intake and frailty. Additionally, we seek to investigate the relationship between fruit intake and frailty across different demographic characteristics and subgroups.
Initially, participant information from the NHANES database (2007-2018) was extracted, including age, gender, race, education level, and other relevant factors. Subsequently, a comprehensive adjustment of multiple variables was carried out using a logistic regression model to analyze the relationship between vegetable and fruit intake and frailty. We also conducted subgroup analyses for variables showing significant differences in the regression model, exploring the relationship between vegetable and fruit intake and frailty in different demographic subgroups. Finally, we employed Restricted Cubic Splines (RCS) to explore the relationship between vegetable and fruit intake and frailty.
In our study of 13,935 participants, 2224 were classified as frail, while 11,711 were non-frail. Significant differences were observed between the frail and non-frail groups in variables such as gender, race, marital status, education level, and BMI. Weighted logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between the intake of fruits (including f_other, f_whole, f_juice, f_total) and vegetables (including v_redor_total, v_total) and a reduced risk of frailty (p for trend <0.05, OR < 1). Notably, in the f_other group, both the medium and high intake groups had a significantly lower risk of frailty compared to the low intake group (ORs of 0.70 and 0.68, p < 0.001, respectively). Subgroup analysis indicated significant interactions between fruit and vegetable intake and frailty across different gender, income, alcohol intake, education level, and racial groups (p for interaction <0.05). Restricted cubic spline analysis showed that while an increase in fruit and vegetable intake reduced the risk of frailty within a certain range, the risk gradually increased beyond that range.
This study provides preliminary evidence supporting a close association between vegetable and fruit intake and frailty, laying the foundation for future in-depth investigations into the dietary links with frailty. These findings also offer new nutritional intervention strategies for frailty prevention, emphasizing the crucial role of diet in maintaining overall health. However, further clinical and epidemiological research is needed to validate these associations and provide detailed explanations for the specific mechanisms through which fruit and vegetable intake impact frailty.
先前的研究表明水果和蔬菜的摄入量与身体虚弱之间存在一定关系。然而，目前缺乏关于水果和蔬菜摄入量与身体虚弱之间关联的研究。
本研究旨在探讨水果和蔬菜摄入量与身体虚弱之间的潜在相关性。此外，我们试图研究不同人口统计学特征和亚组中水果摄入量与身体虚弱之间的关系。
首先，从美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）数据库（2007 - 2018年）中提取参与者信息，包括年龄、性别、种族、教育水平和其他相关因素。随后，使用逻辑回归模型对多个变量进行全面调整，以分析蔬菜和水果摄入量与身体虚弱之间的关系。我们还对回归模型中显示出显著差异的变量进行亚组分析，探讨不同人口统计学亚组中蔬菜和水果摄入量与身体虚弱之间的关系。最后，我们采用受限立方样条（RCS）来探讨蔬菜和水果摄入量与身体虚弱之间的关系。
在我们对13935名参与者的研究中，2224人被归类为身体虚弱，而11711人非身体虚弱。在性别、种族、婚姻状况、教育水平和体重指数等变量方面，身体虚弱组和非身体虚弱组之间存在显著差异。加权逻辑回归分析显示，水果（包括其他水果、完整水果、果汁、总水果）和蔬菜（包括红色或总蔬菜、总蔬菜）的摄入量与身体虚弱风险降低之间存在显著关联（趋势p<0.05，OR<1）。值得注意的是，在其他水果组中，中等摄入量组和高摄入量组的身体虚弱风险均显著低于低摄入量组（OR分别为0.70和0.68，p<0.001）。亚组分析表明，在不同性别、收入、酒精摄入量、教育水平和种族群体中，水果和蔬菜摄入量与身体虚弱之间存在显著的交互作用（交互作用p<0.05）。受限立方样条分析表明，虽然在一定范围内增加水果和蔬菜摄入量可降低身体虚弱风险，但超过该范围后风险会逐渐增加。
本研究提供了初步证据，支持蔬菜和水果摄入量与身体虚弱之间存在密切关联，为未来深入研究饮食与身体虚弱之间的联系奠定了基础。这些发现还为预防身体虚弱提供了新的营养干预策略，强调了饮食在维持整体健康中的关键作用。然而，需要进一步的临床和流行病学研究来验证这些关联，并为水果和蔬菜摄入量影响身体虚弱的具体机制提供详细解释。
