Li Dian-Jeng, Tsai Shih-Jen, Bai Ya-Mei, Su Tung-Ping, Chen Tzeng-Ji, Chen Mu-Hong, Liang Chih-Sung
Department of Addiction Science, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan.
QJM. 2025 Mar 1;118(3):161-165. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcae207.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection can lead to multiple comorbidities in women, including mental health problems. However, few studies have examined the association between maternal HPV infection and the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in their offspring.
We aimed to investigate the association between maternal HPV infection and risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among their offspring.
Data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database were used for analysis. Offspring of mothers with HPV infection were identified as the index group, and a demographic-matched group (offspring of mothers without HPV infection) was selected as the controls. The primary outcome was the risk of ADHD or ASD. Cox regression models with multiple adjustments were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
We included 7762 individuals in the index group and 31 048 in the control group. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the index group had a higher risk of ADHD (HR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.15-1.67) than the controls. Importantly, the risk remained significant when HPV infection was diagnosed either before (HR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.05-1.59) or during pregnancy (HR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.28-2.51). No increased risk of ASD was identified in the index group compared to the control group.
This study highlights the importance of preventing and treating HPV infection during and before pregnancy. Clinicians should be aware of the association between maternal HPV infection and ADHD in their offspring.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染可导致女性出现多种合并症，包括心理健康问题。然而，很少有研究探讨母体HPV感染与其后代神经发育障碍风险之间的关联。
我们旨在研究母体HPV感染与其后代注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）或自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）风险之间的关联。
使用台湾国民健康保险研究数据库的数据进行分析。将HPV感染母亲的后代确定为指数组，并选择一个人口统计学匹配组（未感染HPV母亲的后代）作为对照组。主要结局是ADHD或ASD的风险。采用多因素调整的Cox回归模型估计风险比（HRs）及95%置信区间（CIs）。
我们纳入了指数组7762人，对照组31048人。在调整潜在混杂因素后，指数组患ADHD的风险（HR：1.39，95%CI：1.15 - 1.67）高于对照组。重要的是，无论HPV感染是在怀孕前（HR：1.29，95%CI：1.05 - 1.59）还是怀孕期间（HR：1.79，95%CI：1.28 - 2.51）被诊断，该风险均保持显著。与对照组相比，指数组未发现ASD风险增加。
本研究强调了在孕期及孕前预防和治疗HPV感染的重要性。临床医生应意识到母体HPV感染与其后代ADHD之间的关联。
