Xu Chong, Pan Danyang, Zhang Dexiang, Lin Lin, Chen Yiti, Liang Shuangcheng, He Jingyu
Research Center of New Material, Guangzhou Uniasia Cosmetic Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China.
Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Joint Laboratory of National Engineering Research Center for the Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Guangzhou, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Oct 10;15:1443767. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1443767. eCollection 2024.
Microorganisms as a component of scalp ecosystem play a vital role in human scalp health. Soapberry pericarp is employed in improving scalp health, and its content of active ingredients could be enhanced resulted in fermentation. This study aims to investigate the effect of the fermentation filtrate from soapberry pericarp on the diversity of scalp microorganisms.
The components in fermentation filtrate from soapberry pericarp were analyzed by HPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS, and 16S and ITS sequences of 198 samples from three different used stages (Day 0, Day 7, Day 28) were sequenced using the Illumina Novaseq platform. Microbial diversity was assessed using alpha diversity (Chao1 and Shannon indexes) and beta diversity (weighted unifrac and unweighted unifrac). Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size analysis (LEfSe) were used to visualize microbial variation among different stages.
There were 22 components were identified in the fermentation filtrate from soapberry pericarp by HPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS. The alpha-diversity and beta-diversity analyses showed that scalp microbial diversity and composition were influenced by the fermentation filtrate of soapberry pericarp. Based on functional analysis, this study found an enrichment of healthy scalp-related bacterial pathways, such as amino acid, nucleoside, and nucleotide biosynthesis, while a decrease in fungal pathogenesis pathways, specifically saprotroph and symbiotroph pathways, was observed.
The study described about the complex community dynamics of human scalp microorganisms during the stages of using the fermentation filtrate from soapberry pericarp. This result will help rationally utilize the fermentation filtrate from soapberry pericarp to keep or improve human scalp health.
微生物作为头皮生态系统的一个组成部分，对人类头皮健康起着至关重要的作用。无患子果皮被用于改善头皮健康，其活性成分的含量可通过发酵得到提高。本研究旨在探讨无患子果皮发酵滤液对头皮微生物多样性的影响。
采用HPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS分析无患子果皮发酵滤液中的成分，并使用Illumina Novaseq平台对来自三个不同使用阶段（第0天、第7天、第28天）的198个样本的16S和ITS序列进行测序。使用α多样性（Chao1和香农指数）和β多样性（加权UniFrac和非加权UniFrac）评估微生物多样性。主坐标分析（PCoA）和线性判别分析（LDA）效应大小分析（LEfSe）用于可视化不同阶段之间的微生物变化。
通过HPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS在无患子果皮发酵滤液中鉴定出22种成分。α多样性和β多样性分析表明，无患子果皮发酵滤液会影响头皮微生物的多样性和组成。基于功能分析，本研究发现与健康头皮相关的细菌途径富集，如氨基酸、核苷和核苷酸生物合成，而真菌致病途径，特别是腐生营养和共生营养途径则减少。
该研究描述了在使用无患子果皮发酵滤液阶段人类头皮微生物复杂的群落动态。这一结果将有助于合理利用无患子果皮发酵滤液来保持或改善人类头皮健康。
