Rodríguez-Ferreiro Marlene, Durán-Bouza Montserrat, Marrero-Aguiar Victoria
Psychology Department, University of A Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain.
Spanish Language and General Linguistics Department, National University of Distance Education (U.N.E.D.), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Audiol Res. 2024 Sep 25;14(5):861-874. doi: 10.3390/audiolres14050073.
Speech recognition in noise is one of the difficulties faced by people with hearing loss that increases with age. The recently developed Spanish Auditory Test of Speech in Noise (Prueba Auditiva de Habla en Ruido en Español, PAHRE) allows for the identification of these intelligibility difficulties in noise. The aim of this study was to assess speech recognition in noise in people with hearing loss and to test the benefits of the Lombard effect.
The participants were 104 people with hearing difficulties, ranging in age from 37 to 98 years. The variables age, degree of hearing loss, presence of high-frequency dropout, and years of formal education were assessed.
Psychometric curves were obtained as a function of signal-to-noise ratio as well as threshold values of speech reception as a function of age group for mild and moderate hearing loss. The results indicated that the speech reception threshold increased with both age and the degree of hearing loss, becoming particularly significant after the age of 70. Furthermore, it was found that the combined factors of age, degree of hearing loss, and educational level predicted a high percentage of the variability in the speech reception threshold.
Therefore, the Spanish Auditory Test of Speech in Noise could be a useful clinical tool for diagnosis, monitoring, auditory rehabilitation planning, and hearing aid fitting.
噪声环境下的言语识别是听力损失患者面临的困难之一，且会随着年龄增长而增加。最近开发的西班牙语噪声环境下言语测试（Prueba Auditiva de Habla en Ruido en Español，PAHRE）能够识别噪声环境下的这些言语可懂度困难。本研究的目的是评估听力损失患者在噪声环境下的言语识别能力，并测试伦巴德效应的益处。
参与者为104名有听力困难的人，年龄在37岁至98岁之间。评估了年龄、听力损失程度、高频听力下降情况以及正规教育年限等变量。
获得了作为信噪比函数的心理测量曲线，以及轻度和中度听力损失情况下作为年龄组函数的言语接受阈值。结果表明，言语接受阈值随年龄和听力损失程度的增加而升高，在70岁以后尤为显著。此外，还发现年龄、听力损失程度和教育水平的综合因素可预测言语接受阈值变异性的很大比例。
因此，西班牙语噪声环境下言语测试可能是一种用于诊断、监测、听觉康复计划和助听器验配的有用临床工具。
