Mohajer Nicole, Culty Martine
Reproduction. 2025 Jan 2;169(1). doi: 10.1530/REP-24-0155. Print 2025 Jan 1.
IN BRIEF: Toxicological studies better resembling human exposures are needed to improve risk assessment. This review presents studies examining the impact of low-dose exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) mixtures, some combined with pharmaceuticals, on male reproduction in animal models and humans. ABSTRACT: Exposure to EDCs and pharmaceuticals during development has been linked to reproductive dysfunction, reduced semen quality, and infertility. Research indicates that EDC mixtures, which are common in the modern environment, can pose significant risks that may not be fully assessed by studying individual compound toxicity, especially at environmentally relevant doses or concentrations. Understanding the contribution of chemical mixtures to male reproductive toxicity is crucial, given the increasing reliance on pharmaceuticals and pervasiveness of anthropogenic pollution. Recent studies on EDC effects have expanded to a more diverse range of microplastics, pesticides, antimicrobials, phytoestrogens, and pharmaceuticals, such as analgesics, which can collectively impact testicular function and fertility. Adverse outcomes observed across studies include reproductive tract malformations, decreased sperm count and motility, lowered testosterone, delayed-onset puberty, and possible causal effects, such as oxidative stress and altered gene expression. Still, limited data exist on combinations of environmental pollutants and pharmaceuticals with ED potential at human-relevant doses. This review of the recent literature aims to synthesize the toxicological impact of low-dose chemical mixtures on male reproductive health. Overall, humans are exposed to EDCs and drugs through various ways, necessitating an understanding of their concomitant effects on male reproductive health.
简而言之:需要开展更类似于人类暴露情况的毒理学研究来改进风险评估。本综述介绍了一些研究,这些研究考察了低剂量接触内分泌干扰化学物(EDC)混合物(有些还与药物联用)对动物模型和人类雄性生殖的影响。 摘要:发育过程中接触EDC和药物与生殖功能障碍、精液质量下降及不育有关。研究表明,现代环境中常见的EDC混合物可能带来重大风险,仅研究单个化合物的毒性可能无法全面评估这些风险,尤其是在环境相关剂量或浓度下。鉴于对药物的依赖日益增加以及人为污染的普遍性,了解化学混合物对雄性生殖毒性的作用至关重要。最近关于EDC影响的研究已扩展到更多种类的微塑料、农药、抗菌剂、植物雌激素以及药物,如镇痛药,它们可能共同影响睾丸功能和生育能力。各项研究中观察到的不良后果包括生殖道畸形、精子数量和活力下降、睾酮水平降低、青春期延迟以及可能的因果效应,如氧化应激和基因表达改变。然而,关于环境污染物与具有ED潜力的药物在与人类相关剂量下的组合的数据仍然有限。本对近期文献的综述旨在综合低剂量化学混合物对雄性生殖健康的毒理学影响。总体而言,人类通过多种途径接触EDC和药物,因此有必要了解它们对雄性生殖健康产生的协同效应。
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