Laboratorio de Inmunobiología de la Tuberculosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER) Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
Laboratorio Clinico, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER) "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
Biomolecules. 2024 Oct 11;14(10):1286. doi: 10.3390/biom14101286.
COVID-19 vaccine evaluations are mainly focused on antibody analyses, but there is growing interest in measuring the cellular immune responses from the researchers evaluating these vaccines. The cellular responses to several COVID-19 vaccines have been studied using the enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay for IFN-γ. However, the ELISPOT assay is no longer used only for research purpose and so the performance of this assay must be validated. Since the bioanalytical validation of ELISPOT-IFN-γ is essential for evaluating the method's effectiveness and establishing confidence in a vaccine's immunogenicity, the present work validates the ELISPOT-IFN-γ assay's performance in determining the frequency of IFN-γ-producing cells after stimulation with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The validation was performed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from volunteers immunized with anti-COVID-19 vaccines. According to the findings, the LOD was 17 SFU and the LLOQ was 22 SFU, which makes the method highly sensitive and suitable for evaluating low levels of cellular responses. The procedure's accuracy is confirmed by the correlation coefficients for the spike protein and anti-CD3, being 0.98 and 0.95, respectively. The repeatability and intermediate precision tests were confirmed to be reliable by obtaining a coefficient of variation of ≤25%. The results obtained in this validation enable the assay to be employed for studying antigen-specific cells and evaluating cellular responses to vaccines.
COVID-19 疫苗的评估主要集中在抗体分析上,但研究人员对测量这些疫苗的细胞免疫反应越来越感兴趣。已经使用酶联免疫斑点(ELISPOT)测定法(用于 IFN-γ)研究了几种 COVID-19 疫苗的细胞反应。但是,ELISPOT 测定法不再仅用于研究目的,因此必须对其性能进行验证。由于 ELISPOT-IFN-γ 的生物分析验证对于评估该方法的有效性和对疫苗免疫原性建立信心至关重要,因此本工作验证了 ELISPOT-IFN-γ 测定法在确定刺激 SARS-CoV-2 刺突蛋白后 IFN-γ 产生细胞频率方面的性能。该验证是在接种抗 COVID-19 疫苗的志愿者的外周血单核细胞中进行的。根据研究结果,LOD 为 17 SFU,LLOQ 为 22 SFU,这使得该方法具有很高的灵敏度,适用于评估低水平的细胞反应。通过分别获得 0.98 和 0.95 的相关系数,验证了该方法对刺突蛋白和抗-CD3 的准确性。重复性和中间精密度测试被证明是可靠的,因为获得的变异系数≤25%。该验证中获得的结果使该测定法可用于研究抗原特异性细胞和评估疫苗的细胞反应。
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