Zhang Pei, Bae Jinsu, Parteli Eric J R, Sherman Diane, Sherman Douglas J
USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA.
Department of Geography, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Oct 11;24(20):6555. doi: 10.3390/s24206555.
Acoustic distance sensors have a long history of use to detect subaqueous bedforms. There have been few comparable applications for aeolian bedforms such as ripples. To address this, we developed a simple and reliable apparatus comprising a pair of distance sensors, a bracket upon which they are mounted, and a base upon which the bracket can slide. Our system relies on two Senix Corporation (Hinesburg, VT, USA), ToughSonic model 14-TSPC-30S1-232 acoustic distance sensors: one to measure surface elevation changes (in this case, ripple morphology) and a second to measure horizontal location. The ToughSonic vertical resolution was 0.22 mm and the horizontal scan distance was about 0.60 m with a locational accuracy of 0.22 mm. The measurement rate was 20 Hz, but we over-sampled at 1 KHz. Signal processing involves converting volts to meters, detrending the data, and removing noise. Analysis produces ripple morphologies and migration rates that conform with independent measurements. The advantages of this system relative to terrestrial laser scanning or structure from motion are described.
声学距离传感器在检测水下河床形态方面有着悠久的应用历史。对于诸如沙波纹等风成床形，类似的应用却很少。为了解决这个问题，我们开发了一种简单可靠的装置，它由一对距离传感器、安装传感器的支架以及支架可在其上滑动的底座组成。我们的系统采用了两个美国佛蒙特州海因斯堡的Senix公司生产的ToughSonic型号14 - TSPC - 30S1 - 232声学距离传感器：一个用于测量表面高程变化（在此情况下，即沙波纹形态），另一个用于测量水平位置。ToughSonic的垂直分辨率为0.22毫米，水平扫描距离约为0.60米，定位精度为0.22毫米。测量速率为20赫兹，但我们以1千赫兹进行过采样。信号处理包括将电压转换为米、去除数据的趋势项以及去除噪声。分析得出的沙波纹形态和迁移速率与独立测量结果相符。文中描述了该系统相对于地面激光扫描或运动结构法的优势。
