Idrissi Aicha Bourkadi, Borghi Giacomo, Caracciolo Anita, Riboldi Christian, Carminati Marco, Donetti Marco, Pullia Marco, Savazzi Simone, Camera Franco, Fiorini Carlo
Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy.
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 28;14(1):25750. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-72870-6.
Prompt Gamma Imaging (PGI) is a promising technique for range verification in Particle Therapy. This technique was already tested in clinical environment with a knife-edge-collimator camera for proton treatments but remains relatively unexplored for Carbon Ion Radiation Therapy (CIRT). Previous FLUKA simulations suggested that PG profile shifts could be detected in CIRT with a precision of ∼ 4 mm ([Formula: see text]) for a particle statistic equal to [Formula: see text] C-ions using a 10 × 10 cm camera. An experimental campaign was carried out at CNAO (Pavia, Italy) to verify these results, using a knife-edge-collimator camera prototype based on a 5 × 5 cm pixelated LYSO crystal. PG profiles were measured irradiating a plastic phantom with a C-ion pencil beam at clinical energies and intensities, also moving the detector to extend the FOV to 13 × 5 cm. The prototype detected Bragg-peak shifts with ∼ 4 mm precision for a statistic of [Formula: see text] C-ions ([Formula: see text] for the extended FOV), slightly larger than expected. Nevertheless, the detector demonstrated significant potential for verifying the precision in dose delivery following a treatment fraction, which remains fundamental in the clinical environment. For the first time to our knowledge, range verification based on PGI was applied to a C-ion beam at clinical energy and intensities.
Prompt伽马成像(PGI)是一种在粒子治疗中进行射程验证的有前景的技术。该技术已在临床环境中使用刀边准直器相机对质子治疗进行了测试,但对于碳离子放射治疗(CIRT)仍相对未被充分探索。先前的FLUKA模拟表明,使用10×10 cm相机,对于等于[公式:见原文] C离子的粒子统计量,在CIRT中可以检测到PG轮廓偏移,精度约为4 mm([公式:见原文])。在意大利帕维亚的CNAO开展了一项实验活动,以验证这些结果,使用基于5×5 cm像素化LYSO晶体的刀边准直器相机原型。在临床能量和强度下,用碳离子笔形束照射塑料模体来测量PG轮廓,还移动探测器将视野扩展到13×5 cm。对于[公式:见原文] C离子的统计量(扩展视野时为[公式:见原文]),该原型以约4 mm的精度检测到布拉格峰偏移,略大于预期。然而,该探测器显示出在验证治疗分次后剂量输送精度方面的巨大潜力,这在临床环境中仍然至关重要。据我们所知,基于PGI的射程验证首次应用于临床能量和强度的碳离子束。