Eberhardt Judith, Al-Qerem Walid, Ling Jonathan
Teesside University, School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Law, Borough Road, Middlesbrough TS1 3BA, United Kingdom.
Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Department of Pharmacy, Amman, Jordan.
Vaccine. 2024 Dec 2;42(26):126474. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126474. Epub 2024 Oct 29.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) booster vaccine uptake has been lower than that of the initial vaccine doses in many countries. Approaches to vaccination vary, with some countries implementing mandatory vaccination and others not. This study aimed to predict COVID-19 booster vaccination intention using Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), coronavirus conspiracy beliefs, social media use, and sociodemographic factors, comparing the United Kingdom (UK), Jordan, Germany, and Austria.
A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in the UK, Germany, Austria, and Jordan. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 287 fully vaccinated participants. The survey included items measuring PMT constructs, conspiracy beliefs, social media use, and sociodemographic variables. Data were analysed using bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression.
Participants with high booster dose intention showed lower religiosity, conspiracy beliefs, perceived rewards of not getting vaccinated, and perceived costs of getting vaccinated. They had higher Twitter use, perceived susceptibility, severity of COVID-19, self-efficacy, and vaccine efficacy. Four PMT constructs (severity, self-efficacy, maladaptive response rewards, and response efficacy) significantly predicted booster dose intention.
While PMT constructs predict booster vaccination intention, additional factors such as conspiracy beliefs, social media use, and religiosity need to be taken into account in public health campaigns to increase COVID-19 booster dose uptake.
在许多国家，2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）加强针疫苗的接种率低于初始疫苗剂量的接种率。疫苗接种方式各不相同，一些国家实施强制接种，而另一些国家则没有。本研究旨在运用保护动机理论（PMT）、对冠状病毒的阴谋论信念、社交媒体使用情况和社会人口学因素来预测COVID-19加强针疫苗的接种意愿，并对英国、约旦、德国和奥地利进行比较。
在英国、德国、奥地利和约旦开展了一项横断面在线调查。采用便利抽样法招募了287名全程接种疫苗的参与者。该调查包括测量PMT结构、阴谋论信念、社交媒体使用情况和社会人口学变量的项目。使用双变量分析和二元逻辑回归对数据进行分析。
有较高加强针接种意愿的参与者表现出较低的宗教信仰、阴谋论信念、未接种疫苗的感知回报以及接种疫苗的感知成本。他们有更高的推特使用频率、感知易感性、COVID-19的严重程度、自我效能感和疫苗效力。四个PMT结构（严重程度、自我效能感、适应不良反应的回报和反应效力）显著预测了加强针接种意愿。
虽然PMT结构可以预测加强针疫苗接种意愿，但在公共卫生运动中，为了提高COVID-19加强针疫苗的接种率，还需要考虑阴谋论信念、社交媒体使用情况和宗教信仰等其他因素。
