Sattawatthamrong Sarasinee, Kamonkhantikul Krid, Homsiang Woraporn, Arksornnukit Mansuang
Graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, 34 Henri Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand.
Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, 34 Henri Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand.
J Prosthet Dent. 2025 Jan;133(1):282.e1-282.e12. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2024.10.003. Epub 2024 Oct 29.
Characterizing interim restorations promotes esthetics. However, studies on the effects of characterization materials on the surface roughness and gloss of interim materials after toothbrushing are lacking.
The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the surface roughness and gloss of 5 different interim materials with different surface treatments after 1 year of simulated toothbrushing.
Cuboid specimens (10×12×2 mm) were fabricated from each interim material: autopolymerized polymethyl methacrylate (UNIFAST Trad), autopolymerized bis-acryl composite resin (Protemp 4), light-activated composite resin (REVOTEK LC), milled polymethyl methacrylate block (DD provi P HI), and 3-dimensionally printed methacrylate oligomer (Nextdent C&B MFH). Each material was divided into 3 groups based on surface treatment (n=10): polishing, application of Lite Art and Resin Glaze, and application of OPTIGLAZE color. The specimens were subjected to 5000 and 10000 cycles of toothbrushing. The surface roughness and gloss were measured and separately analyzed by using 3-way repeated measures ANOVA (α=.05).
Significant interactions of the surface roughness and gloss among interim materials, surface treatments, and toothbrushing durations were found (P<.001). After 5000 and 10000 cycles, each polished material showed no significant difference in surface roughness compared with baseline: Protemp 4 (P>.999), REVOTEK LC (P>.999, P=.922), and Nextdent C&B MFH (P>.999), except for UNIFAST Trad and DD provi P HI (P<.001). Coating with Lite Art and Resin Glaze, as well as OPTIGLAZE color, significantly reduced surface roughness after both 5000 and 10000 cycles for all materials (application of Lite Art and Resin Glaze with UNIFAST TRAD (P<.001), Protemp 4 (P<.001), REVOTEK LC (P<.001), DD provi P HI (P<.001), and Nextdent C&B MFH (P<.001, P=.002), and application of OPTIGLAZE color with UNIFAST TRAD (P<.001), Protemp 4 (P<.001), REVOTEK LC (P<.001, P=.002), DD provi P HI (P<.001), and Nextdent C&B MFH (P<.001, P=.008)). Specimens with these treatments also exhibited significantly better gloss compared with the polished specimens (P<.001).
After 5000 to 10000 cycles of toothbrushing, Protemp 4, REVOTEK LC, and Nextdent C&B MFH, interim materials containing fillers, exhibited smoother surfaces compared with UNIFAST Trad and DD provi P HI, interim materials without fillers. Coating of all materials reduced surface roughness and increased gloss. After 5000 to 10000 cycles of toothbrushing, the surface roughness of each material remained stable; while the gloss decreased slightly, it remained within clinically acceptable levels.
对临时修复体进行表征可提升美观性。然而，关于表征材料对刷牙后临时材料表面粗糙度和光泽度影响的研究尚缺。
本体外研究旨在评估5种不同临时材料在经过1年模拟刷牙后，不同表面处理方式下的表面粗糙度和光泽度。
从每种临时材料制作长方体试件（10×12×2毫米）：自凝聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（UNIFAST Trad）、自凝双丙烯酸复合树脂（Protemp 4）、光固化复合树脂（REVOTEK LC）、铣削聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯块（DD provi P HI）以及3D打印甲基丙烯酸酯低聚物（Nextdent C&B MFH）。每种材料根据表面处理方式分为3组（n = 10）：抛光、涂抹Lite Art和树脂釉、涂抹OPTIGLAZE颜色。对试件进行5000次和10000次刷牙循环。使用三因素重复测量方差分析（α = 0.05）分别测量并分析表面粗糙度和光泽度。
发现临时材料、表面处理方式和刷牙持续时间之间在表面粗糙度和光泽度上存在显著交互作用（P < 0.001）。经过5000次和10000次循环后，除了UNIFAST Trad和DD provi P HI（P < 0.001）外，每种抛光材料的表面粗糙度与基线相比无显著差异：Protemp 4（P > 0.999）、REVOTEK LC（P > 0.999，P = 0.922）和Nextdent C&B MFH（P > 0.999）。对于所有材料，在5000次和10000次循环后，涂抹Lite Art和树脂釉以及OPTIGLAZE颜色均显著降低了表面粗糙度（UNIFAST TRAD涂抹Lite Art和树脂釉（P < 0.001）、Protemp 4（P < 0.001）、REVOTEK LC（P < 0.001）、DD provi P HI（P < 0.001）和Nextdent C&B MFH（P < 0.001，P = 0.002），以及UNIFAST TRAD涂抹OPTIGLAZE颜色（P < 0.001）、Protemp 4（P < 0.001）、REVOTEK LC（P < 0.001，P = 0.002）、DD provi P HI（P < 0.001）和Nextdent C&B MFH（P < 0.001，P = 0.008））。经过这些处理的试件与抛光试件相比，光泽度也显著更好（P < 0.001）。
经过5000至10000次刷牙循环后，与不含填料的临时材料UNIFAST Trad和DD provi P HI相比，含填料的临时材料Protemp 4、REVOTEK LC和Nextdent C&B MFH表面更光滑。所有材料的涂层均降低了表面粗糙度并提高了光泽度。经过5000至10000次刷牙循环后，每种材料的表面粗糙度保持稳定；虽然光泽度略有下降，但仍在临床可接受范围内。
