Habtewold Yosef Wube, Getnet Mehammed Adem, Genetu Kalkidan Bazezew, Woretaw Ashenafi Worku
Department of Surgical Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arsi University, Asela, Ethiopia.
Department of Medical Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
BMC Nurs. 2024 Oct 29;23(1):794. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-02462-2.
A sterile technique is a standard to reduce microorganism transmission during surgery. Gaps in knowledge and practice in sterile techniques by nurses are common causes of surgical site infections for surgical patients. Even though surgical site infection is a global problem due to lack of knowledge and practice, almost no study has been done in Ethiopia regarding nurses' knowledge and practice of sterile techniques in the operating room. Therefore, this study aimed to assess nurses' knowledge, practice, and associated factors of sterile techniques in Addis Ababa public hospitals, Ethiopia.
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 423 nurses who were working in sixty-six operation rooms at seven public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from May 11 to June 26/2022. A simple random sampling method was employed to select study participants. A pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were entered by Epi-data version 4.6 and analyzed by SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics were presented by text, table, and figure. Multivariable analysis was used to identify the association between the dependent variable and independent variables. Variables with a P-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Nearly three-fifths (58.1%; 95%CI: 53.2 to 63.7) of respondents had good knowledge, and 56.1% with 95%CI (51.5 to 61.1) had good practice with respect to sterile techniques in the operation room. Training [AOR = 1.989; 95%CI (1.120 to 3.530)], availability of guidelines [AOR = 6.4; 95%CI (3.773 to 10.856)], and supervision [AOR = 2.963; 95%CI (1.693 to 5.184)] were associated with nurses' knowledge about sterile techniques in the operating room. Availability of guidelines [AOR = 1.890, 95%CI (1.123 to 3.182)], presence of supervision [AOR = 4.732; 95%CI (2.643 to 8.471)], and having good knowledge of sterile techniques [AOR = 5.419; 95%CI (3.087 to 9.512)] were associated with nurses' practice of sterile techniques in the operation room.
Operative theater nurses' knowledge and practice of sterile techniques were found inadequate. Training, supervision, availability of guidelines, and knowledge of nurses towards sterile techniques are factors associated with sterile techniques in the operating room. So, it is better to strengthen training, equip wards with standardized guidelines, and provide supervision, which is crucial to enhancing their knowledge and practice.
无菌技术是减少手术过程中微生物传播的一项标准。护士在无菌技术方面的知识和实践存在差距是手术患者手术部位感染的常见原因。尽管由于缺乏知识和实践，手术部位感染是一个全球性问题，但在埃塞俄比亚，几乎没有关于护士在手术室无菌技术知识和实践的研究。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴公立医院护士在无菌技术方面的知识、实践及相关因素。
2022年5月11日至6月26日，在埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴七家公立医院的66个手术室工作的423名护士中进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。采用简单随机抽样方法选择研究参与者。使用预先测试的自填式问卷收集数据。数据通过Epi-data 4.6版本录入，并使用SPSS 25版本进行分析。描述性统计通过文本、表格和图表呈现。多变量分析用于确定因变量和自变量之间的关联。P值<0.05的变量被认为具有统计学意义。
近五分之三（58.1%；95%置信区间：53.2至63.7）的受访者对手术室无菌技术有良好的知识，56.1%（95%置信区间：51.5至61.1）在手术室无菌技术方面有良好的实践。培训[AOR = 1.989；95%置信区间（1.120至3.530）]、指南的可用性[AOR = 6.4；95%置信区间（3.773至10.856）]和监督[AOR = 2.963；95%置信区间（1.693至5.184）]与护士对手术室无菌技术的知识相关。指南的可用性[AOR = 1.890，95%置信区间（1.123至3.182）]、有监督[AOR = 4.732；95%置信区间（2.643至8.471）]以及对无菌技术有良好的知识[AOR = 5.419；95%置信区间（3.087至9.512）]与护士在手术室无菌技术的实践相关。
发现手术室护士在无菌技术方面的知识和实践不足。培训、监督、指南的可用性以及护士对无菌技术的知识是与手术室无菌技术相关的因素。因此，加强培训、为病房配备标准化指南并提供监督对于提高他们的知识和实践至关重要。
