2021 年，埃塞俄比亚西北部贡德尔镇成年人对肝炎感染及其相关因素的知识、态度和实践：一项基于社区的研究。
Knowledge, attitude, and practices towards hepatitis infection and its associated factors among adults in Gondar town, northwest Ethiopia; a community-based study, 2021.
机构信息
Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
J Health Popul Nutr. 2024 Nov 4;43(1):178. doi: 10.1186/s41043-024-00654-9.
BACKGROUND
Hepatitis virus infection remains a serious public health concern worldwide. Percutaneous, mucosal, or non-intact skin exposure to infectious blood, semen, and other body fluids are the major routes of infection in endemic areas, including Ethiopia, where little is known about the community's knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward hepatitis infection. Thus, this study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practices towards hepatitis infection among adults in Gondar town.
METHODS
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July to August 2021 on a total of 390 participants. Proportional sample allocation was used in 3 randomly selected sub-cities. Then, study participants from randomly selected households were recruited by using a systematic random sampling technique. Socio-demographic data and questions regarding KAP were collected via a self-administered and interviewer-administered questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify the associated factors and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
The mean age of the study participants was 30 ± 8.43 years and more than half ½ (53.3%) ranged from 26 to 40 years old. In this study, 335 (85.9%) of study participants had poor knowledge about hepatitis infection. About 344 (88.2%) had a negative attitude toward hepatitis infections, and 344 (88.2%) of the participants had a poor practice to prevent hepatitis infections. Multivariate analysis affirmed that having vaccination for hepatitis infection was significantly associated with a positive attitude (AOR, with 95% CI: 2.135 (1.006-4.532) and good practice levels (AOR, with 95% CI: 22.623 (0.032-0.156).
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
In this study majority of the participants have poor knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward hepatitis infection. Therefore, targeted community-based interventions are necessary. However, this study revealed that having vaccination for hepatitis infection was significantly associated with a positive attitude and good practice levels among the study participants.
背景
乙型肝炎病毒感染仍然是全球严重的公共卫生问题。在流行地区，包括埃塞俄比亚，经皮、黏膜或非完整皮肤接触传染性血液、精液和其他体液是主要感染途径，而关于该社区对乙型肝炎感染的知识、态度和实践的了解甚少。因此，本研究旨在确定贡德尔镇成年人对乙型肝炎感染的知识、态度和实践。
方法
2021 年 7 月至 8 月，在总共 390 名参与者中进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用比例抽样分配方法在 3 个随机选定的分区中进行。然后，通过系统随机抽样技术从随机选定的家庭中招募研究参与者。通过自填和访谈者管理问卷收集社会人口统计学数据和关于知识、态度和实践的问题。使用 SPSS 版本 20 进行统计分析。使用逻辑回归分析确定相关因素，p 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
结果
研究参与者的平均年龄为 30±8.43 岁，超过一半（53.3%）年龄在 26 至 40 岁之间。在这项研究中，335 名（85.9%）参与者对乙型肝炎感染的知识了解不佳。约 344 名（88.2%）参与者对乙型肝炎感染持消极态度，344 名（88.2%）参与者对预防乙型肝炎感染的做法不佳。多变量分析证实，接种乙型肝炎疫苗与积极的态度（优势比，95%置信区间：2.135（1.006-4.532））和良好的实践水平（优势比，95%置信区间：22.623（0.032-0.156）显著相关。
结论和建议
在这项研究中，大多数参与者对乙型肝炎感染的知识、态度和实践都很差。因此，有必要进行有针对性的社区干预。然而，这项研究表明，接种乙型肝炎疫苗与研究参与者的积极态度和良好实践水平显著相关。
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