Bulbuloglu Semra, Sayim Halil Ibrahim
Division of Surgical Nursing, Nursing Department, Health Sciences Faculty, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Division of Surgical Nursing, Nursing Department, Health Sciences Faculty, Istanbul Arel University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Front Psychol. 2024 Oct 22;15:1378594. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1378594. eCollection 2024.
Following lung transplantation (LTx), it is important for recipients to comply with immunosuppressive treatment and cope with related problems. In the post-LTx period, the course of dyspnea and psychological problems it causes in case of progression are not known. Depression and anxiety may develop in recipients after LTx. However, the relationship between this situation and treatment compliance and dyspnea is uncertain.
The aim of this study was to investigate dyspnea, anxiety, and depression levels of recipients following LTx and their immunosuppressive treatment compliance.
The study was planned as a descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional study. Data were collected on various social media platforms via an online interview, and 65 LTx recipients were included in the sample ( = 65). A Participant Information Form, the Modified Borg Scale, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Immunosuppressive Drug Compliance Scale were employed to collect data. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U test, and the Kruskal-Wallis test.
The mean age of the participants was found to be 52.60 ± 9.44 years, and 56.9% were male. Forty percent of the participants were dependent on oxygen support, and 32.2% had hypertension. Their dyspnea levels were mild, anxiety levels were moderate, depression levels were high, and immunosuppressive treatment compliance levels were slightly above-average. According to the correlation analysis results, dyspnea was associated with anxiety and depression ( < 0.05). As depression increased, immunosuppressive treatment compliance decreased, and the correlation between the two variables was statistically significant ( < 0.05).
In this study, as the severity of dyspnea experienced by LTRs increased, the severity of their anxiety and depression also increased. Additionally, there was an inverse correlation between depression and immunosuppressive treatment compliance. LTRs demonstrated insufficient adherence to their immunosuppressive drug regimens, which is very significant in terms of graft survivability. These results suggest that LTRs should be closely monitored at home.
肺移植（LTx）后，受者遵守免疫抑制治疗并应对相关问题非常重要。在肺移植后的时期，呼吸困难的病程及其进展时所引发的心理问题尚不清楚。肺移植后的受者可能会出现抑郁和焦虑。然而，这种情况与治疗依从性和呼吸困难之间的关系尚不确定。
本研究旨在调查肺移植后受者的呼吸困难、焦虑和抑郁水平及其免疫抑制治疗依从性。
本研究计划为描述性、相关性和横断面研究。通过在线访谈在各种社交媒体平台上收集数据，样本纳入65名肺移植受者（n = 65）。采用参与者信息表、改良博格量表、贝克焦虑量表、贝克抑郁量表和免疫抑制药物依从性量表收集数据。使用描述性统计、曼-惠特尼U检验和克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验对收集的数据进行分析。
参与者的平均年龄为52.60±9.44岁，56.9%为男性。40%的参与者依赖氧气支持，32.2%患有高血压。他们的呼吸困难水平为轻度，焦虑水平为中度，抑郁水平为重度，免疫抑制治疗依从性水平略高于平均水平。根据相关性分析结果，呼吸困难与焦虑和抑郁相关（P < 0.05）。随着抑郁程度增加，免疫抑制治疗依从性降低，两个变量之间的相关性具有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。
在本研究中，肺移植受者经历的呼吸困难严重程度增加时，其焦虑和抑郁的严重程度也增加。此外，抑郁与免疫抑制治疗依从性之间存在负相关。肺移植受者对免疫抑制药物治疗方案的依从性不足，这在移植物存活方面非常重要。这些结果表明，应在家中密切监测肺移植受者。
