Ponsi Giorgia, Schepisi Michael, Ferri Donato, Bianchi Francesco, Consiglio Chiara, Borgogni Laura, Aglioti Salvatore Maria
Sapienza University of Rome and Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science, Italian Institute of Technology, Rome, Italy.
IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.
iScience. 2024 Oct 10;27(11):111129. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.111129. eCollection 2024 Nov 15.
Human attention is naturally directed where others are looking. Primate research indicates that this phenomenon is influenced by the social rank of the gazer. Whether this applies to human societies remains underexplored. Diverging from the typical approach based on transient social rank manipulations in convenience samples, we tested low- and high-rank individuals permanently working in a large-scale organization. Participants executed saccades toward positions matching or not the gaze direction of distractor faces varying in dominance level (low, neutral, and high). The analysis of saccadic reaction time revealed that high-rank participants were more interfered by face distractors, regardless of dominance. Our results suggest that an important feature of leadership is related to the fine-tuning of social attention. These findings not only contribute to understanding how hierarchical rank shapes social cognition but also have implications for organizational behavior and leadership training strategies.
人类的注意力自然会被吸引到他人正在注视的地方。灵长类动物研究表明，这种现象会受到注视者社会地位的影响。这一现象是否适用于人类社会仍有待深入探索。与基于便利样本中短暂社会地位操纵的典型方法不同，我们测试了在大型组织中长期工作的低级别和高级别个体。参与者向与不同优势水平（低、中性和高）的干扰面孔的注视方向匹配或不匹配的位置执行扫视。对扫视反应时间的分析表明，无论优势水平如何，高级别参与者更容易受到面孔干扰的影响。我们的研究结果表明，领导力的一个重要特征与社会注意力的微调有关。这些发现不仅有助于理解等级制度如何塑造社会认知，还对组织行为和领导力培训策略具有启示意义。
