从茶叶提取物中制备的银纳米粒子对多药耐药金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌活性。

Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Prepared from Camellia Sinensis Extracts in Multi-Drug Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus.

机构信息

Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute for post graduate studies, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.

Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute for post graduate studies, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq,

出版信息

Cell Physiol Biochem. 2024 Nov 11;58(6):659-676. doi: 10.33594/000000741.

DOI:10.33594/000000741

PMID:39535105

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The nano-method has been used as a technique for creating novel, non-traditional antimicrobial agents. This effective method for treating infectious diseases has many advantages over conventional antibiotics, including increased efficacy against species that have developed drug resistance, and the ability to circumvent the development of resistance that disrupts a number of biological pathways. As a result, the objective of this study was to synthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles using phenolic compounds obtained from . The nanoparticles were then used as antibacterial agents on the multidrug resistant as well as biofilm formation mechanism were also investigated.

METHODS

Ten isolates of were acquired from the labs of the University of Baghdad's Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute. The VITEK-2 system was used to confirm the diagnosis. Aqueous and methanolic extracts of leaves were used to create silver nanoparticles and obtain CAgNPs, which were then characterized using Atomic Fluorescence Microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and Zeta potential analyzers. The extracts were put through a series of assays, including High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), antibacterial activity assessments, and the microtiter plate method to determine the lowest inhibitory concentration (MIC) and antibiofilm formation.

RESULTS

Both aqueous and methanolic extracts containing silver nanoparticles included spherical nanoparticles that may be single or combined. The HPLC results showed the presence of two phenolic compounds (gallic acid and caffeine) by comparing their retention durations to those of the reference compounds. The results of the antibacterial activity of (CAgNPs) showed that the methanolic (CAgNPs) extract was more effective than the aqueous (CAgNPs) extract, producing inhibitory zones of 15.67 ± 0.58 and 20.33 ± 0.58 mm, at 375 and 750 ppm respectively, when compared to the aqueous (CAgNPs) extract, which produced inhibitory zones of 12.33 ± 0.58 and 15.67 ± 0.58 mm, respectively. The MIC result also showed that the CAgNPs methanolic extract was more effective than the CAgNPs aqueous extract. The MIC of the CAgNPs methanolic extract on isolates were 11.718 and 23.43 µg/ml, while the MIC of the CAgNPs aqueous extract on all isolates were 46.87 µg/ml except isolate No. 3 and 6 which was 11.718 and 93.75 µg/ml respectively. Additionally, The anti-biofilm in was increased when CAgNPs methanolic extract were used compared with the CAgNPs aqueous extract, the CAgNPs methanolic extract inhibited 80%, 90% and 100% of the biofilm formation of in 23.43, 46.87 and 93.75 µg/ml respectively, while the anti-biofilm activity of the CAgNPs aqueous extract on isolates was 80% and 100% of the biofilm formation in 46.87 and 93.75 µg/ml respectively.

CONCLUSION

The methanolic and aqueous leaves extracts from are a successful method for producing CAgNPs. The synthesized CAgNPs also have significant antibacterial activity against S. aureus, depending on the concentrations, and inhibit S. aureus biofilm formation.

摘要

背景/目的：纳米技术已被用作制造新型非传统抗菌剂的技术。这种治疗传染病的有效方法相对于传统抗生素具有许多优势，包括提高了对已经产生耐药性的物种的疗效，以及能够避免破坏许多生物途径的耐药性的发展。因此，本研究的目的是使用从中提取的酚类化合物合成和表征银纳米粒子。然后将纳米粒子用作耐多药的抗菌剂，并研究其生物膜形成机制。

方法

从巴格达大学生物工程和生物技术研究所的实验室中获得了 10 株。使用 VITEK-2 系统进行诊断确认。使用水和甲醇提取物来生成银纳米粒子并获得 CAgNPs，然后使用原子荧光显微镜（AFM）、X 射线衍射仪（XRD）和 Zeta 电位分析仪对其进行表征。提取物经过一系列测试，包括高效液相色谱（HPLC）、抗菌活性评估和微量滴定板法测定最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和抗生物膜形成。

结果

含有银纳米粒子的水和甲醇提取物均包含可能是单个或组合的球形纳米粒子。HPLC 结果表明存在两种酚类化合物（没食子酸和咖啡因），通过比较它们的保留时间与参考化合物的保留时间来确定。（CAgNPs）的抗菌活性结果表明，与水（CAgNPs）提取物相比，甲醇（CAgNPs）提取物更有效，在 375 和 750 ppm 时分别产生 15.67 ± 0.58 和 20.33 ± 0.58 mm 的抑菌圈，而水（CAgNPs）提取物分别产生 12.33 ± 0.58 和 15.67 ± 0.58 mm 的抑菌圈。MIC 结果也表明，CAgNPs 甲醇提取物比 CAgNPs 水提取物更有效。CAgNPs 甲醇提取物对分离株的 MIC 分别为 11.718 和 23.43 µg/ml，而 CAgNPs 水提取物对所有分离株的 MIC 均为 46.87 µg/ml，除了分离株 3 和 6 的 MIC 分别为 11.718 和 93.75 µg/ml。此外，与 CAgNPs 水提取物相比，CAgNPs 甲醇提取物在中增加了抗生物膜形成，CAgNPs 甲醇提取物在 23.43、46.87 和 93.75 µg/ml 时分别抑制了生物膜形成的 80%、90%和 100%，而 CAgNPs 水提取物在 46.87 和 93.75 µg/ml 时对分离株的抗生物膜活性分别为 80%和 100%。