National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Section, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300011, China.
BMC Infect Dis. 2024 Nov 14;24(1):1295. doi: 10.1186/s12879-024-10184-8.
Recreational drug use has been identified as a significant risk factor for the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This behavior is particularly prevalent among young men who have sex with men (YMSM). However, limited research has been conducted to investigate the correlation between recreational drug use and HIV incidence within this population.
To examine HIV incidence and explore the association between recreational drug use and HIV incidence among YMSM.
A retrospective cohort study was conducted by a local non-governmental organization (NGO) among MSM aged 18-24 years from October 2017 to December 2023 in Tianjin, China. Participants were included if they had at least two HIV test records during this period. HIV incidence density and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using person-years (PYs) with a Poisson distribution. Risk factors for HIV incidence were identified using univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models.
A total of 56 HIV seroconversions were reported with 2901.9 PYs, resulting in an overall incidence density of 1.9/100 PYs (95% CI: 1.4-2.4). Among YMSM who do not use recreational drugs (YMSM-URD), the incidence density was 1.1/100 PYs (95% CI: 0.5-1.6), while it was 2.8/100 PYs (95% CI: 1.9-3.7) among those who do use recreational drugs (YMSM-RD). Adjusted for confounders, factors associated with HIV infection included recreational drug use (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.4-4.7) and unprotected anal intercourse in the past six months (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.2-4.4).
Recreational drug use and unprotected anal intercourse significantly increase the risk of HIV infection. To effectively mitigate the spread of HIV, interventions should focus on these risk factors by employing HIV counseling and testing clinics, collaborating with NGOs focused on MSM, and establishing peer education programs aimed at YMSM.
娱乐性药物使用已被确定为人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）传播的一个重要危险因素。这种行为在男男性行为者（MSM）中尤为普遍。然而，针对该人群中娱乐性药物使用与 HIV 发病率之间的相关性，相关研究仍十分有限。
调查 HIV 发病率，并探讨娱乐性药物使用与 MSM 中 HIV 发病率之间的关系。
当地非政府组织（NGO）于 2017 年 10 月至 2023 年 12 月期间，对中国天津年龄在 18-24 岁的 MSM 进行了一项回顾性队列研究。如果参与者在此期间至少有两次 HIV 检测记录，则将其纳入研究。采用泊松分布计算人年（PYs）的 HIV 发病率密度及其 95%置信区间（CI）。采用单变量和多变量 Cox 比例风险回归模型确定 HIV 发病率的危险因素。
共报告了 56 例 HIV 血清转化，共 2901.9 PYs，总发病率密度为 1.9/100 PYs（95%CI：1.4-2.4）。在不使用娱乐性药物的 MSM（URD）中，发病率密度为 1.1/100 PYs（95%CI：0.5-1.6），而在使用娱乐性药物的 MSM（RD）中，发病率密度为 2.8/100 PYs（95%CI：1.9-3.7）。调整混杂因素后，与 HIV 感染相关的因素包括娱乐性药物使用（调整后的危险比=2.6，95%CI=1.4-4.7）和过去六个月无保护肛交（调整后的危险比=2.3，95%CI=1.2-4.4）。
娱乐性药物使用和无保护肛交显著增加了 HIV 感染的风险。为了有效控制 HIV 的传播，干预措施应针对这些危险因素，利用 HIV 咨询和检测诊所，与专注于 MSM 的 NGO 合作，并为 MSM 建立同伴教育计划。
