Duque-Colorado Jhonatan, García-Orozco Laura, Riveros Andrés, Del Sol Mariano
Universidad de La Frontera, Facultad de Medicina, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Morfológicas, Temuco, Chile.
Departamento de Anatomía Normal y Medicina Legal, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
Anat Cell Biol. 2025 Mar 31;58(1):54-60. doi: 10.5115/acb.24.186. Epub 2024 Nov 18.
The suprascapular nerve corresponds to one of the supraclavicular branches of the brachial plexus, and its route exposes it to being injured during some surgical procedures. Morphometric analysis of the scapula has been proposed as a tool for preventing injuries to the suprascapular nerve. The present investigation aimed to determine the safe distances for approaching the suprascapular nerve at the level of the scapular notch (SPN) and spinoglenoid notch, in addition to establishing its relationship with the type of SPN and with two scapular dimensions: major longitudinal axis (MLA) and major transverse axis (MTA). For this purpose, a descriptive-correlative, quantitative, non-experimental and transversal study was carried out, in which 82 dry scapulae from adult individuals of Chilean origin were investigated. The main results of this study found that prevalences were highest for SPNs types II (36.2%), I (29.3%), and III (26.0%), with average distances that were considered safe in all types of SPNs. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation, with <0.05, between the MTA (r=0.526; r=0.634), MLA (r=0.284) and the safe distances for the suprascapular nerve at the level of the SPN and incisura spinoglenoid of the scapulae studied. Scapular dimensions such as the MTA and the MLA could, therefore, be used to predict a safe zone for the suprascapular nerve, potentially contributing to a reduction in the current rate of injury of the suprascapular nerve in surgical procedures involving the deltoid and scapular regions.
肩胛上神经相当于臂丛神经锁骨上分支之一，其走行使其在某些外科手术过程中容易受到损伤。肩胛骨的形态测量分析已被提议作为预防肩胛上神经损伤的一种工具。本研究旨在确定在肩胛切迹（SPN）和肩胛冈下切迹水平接近肩胛上神经的安全距离，此外还需确定其与SPN类型以及肩胛骨的两个尺寸：主要纵轴（MLA）和主要横轴（MTA）之间的关系。为此，开展了一项描述性相关性、定量、非实验性横断面研究，对82块来自智利成年个体的干燥肩胛骨进行了研究。本研究的主要结果发现，II型（36.2%）、I型（29.3%）和III型（26.0%）SPN的发生率最高，所有类型的SPN均有被认为安全的平均距离。此外，在所研究肩胛骨的SPN水平和肩胛冈下切迹处，MTA（r = 0.526；r = 0.634）、MLA（r = 0.284）与肩胛上神经的安全距离之间存在正相关，P < 0.05。因此，MTA和MLA等肩胛骨尺寸可用于预测肩胛上神经的安全区域，这可能有助于降低目前在涉及三角肌和肩胛区域的外科手术中肩胛上神经的损伤率。
