Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Adv Neurobiol. 2024;40:385-410. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-69491-2_14.
Over the last several decades, there have been major research efforts to improve the identification of youth and young adults at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P). Among individuals identified as CHR-P based on clinical criteria, approximately 20% progress to full-blown psychosis over 2-3 years and 30% achieve remission. In more recent years, neurophysiological measures with established sensitivity to schizophrenia have gained traction in the study of CHR-P and its range of clinical outcomes, with the goal of identifying specific biomarkers that precede psychosis onset that 7 chapter, we review studies examining several translational electroencephalography (EEG) and event-related potential (ERP) measures, which have known sensitivity to schizophrenia and reflect abnormal sensory, perceptual, and cognitive processing of task stimuli, as predictors of future clinical outcomes in CHR-P individuals. We discuss the promise of these EEG/ERP biomarkers of psychosis risk, including their potential to provide (a) translational bridges between human studies and animal models focused on drug development for early psychosis, (b) target engagement measures for clinical trials, and (c) prognostic indicators that could enhance personalized treatment planning.
在过去的几十年中，人们进行了大量的研究工作，以提高对处于精神病临床高危状态（CHR-P）的青年和年轻人的识别能力。根据临床标准确定为 CHR-P 的个体中，大约有 20%在 2-3 年内发展为全面精神病，30%达到缓解。近年来，具有对精神分裂症的既定敏感性的神经生理学测量方法在 CHR-P 及其一系列临床结果的研究中引起了关注，其目的是确定在精神病发作之前出现的特定生物标志物，这些标志物可以预测 CHR-P 个体的未来临床结果。在这一章中，我们回顾了检查几种转化脑电图（EEG）和事件相关电位（ERP）测量的研究，这些研究对精神分裂症具有已知的敏感性，反映了对任务刺激的异常感觉、知觉和认知处理，作为 CHR-P 个体未来临床结果的预测指标。我们讨论了这些精神病风险的 EEG/ERP 生物标志物的前景，包括它们在以下方面的潜力：（a）专注于早期精神病药物开发的人类研究和动物模型之间的转化桥梁；（b）临床试验的目标参与措施；（c）可以增强个性化治疗计划的预后指标。
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